Re: [PATCH 01/31] mm: use pmdp_get_lockless() without surplus barrier()

From: Peter Xu
Date: Wed May 24 2023 - 18:32:16 EST

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On Sun, May 21, 2023 at 09:49:45PM -0700, Hugh Dickins wrote:
> Use pmdp_get_lockless() in preference to READ_ONCE(*pmdp), to get a more
> reliable result with PAE (or READ_ONCE as before without PAE); and remove
> the unnecessary extra barrier()s which got left behind in its callers.

Pure question: does it mean that some of below path (missing barrier()
ones) could have problem when CONFIG_PAE, hence this can be seen as a
(potential) bug fix?

Thanks,

>
> HOWEVER: Note the small print in linux/pgtable.h, where it was designed
> specifically for fast GUP, and depends on interrupts being disabled for
> its full guarantee: most callers which have been added (here and before)
> do NOT have interrupts disabled, so there is still some need for caution.
>
> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
> fs/userfaultfd.c | 10 +---------
> include/linux/pgtable.h | 17 -----------------
> mm/gup.c | 6 +-----
> mm/hmm.c | 2 +-
> mm/khugepaged.c | 5 -----
> mm/ksm.c | 3 +--
> mm/memory.c | 14 ++------------
> mm/mprotect.c | 5 -----
> mm/page_vma_mapped.c | 2 +-
> 9 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/fs/userfaultfd.c b/fs/userfaultfd.c
> index 0fd96d6e39ce..f7a0817b1ec0 100644
> --- a/fs/userfaultfd.c
> +++ b/fs/userfaultfd.c
> @@ -349,15 +349,7 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_must_wait(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
> if (!pud_present(*pud))
> goto out;
> pmd = pmd_offset(pud, address);
> - /*
> - * READ_ONCE must function as a barrier with narrower scope
> - * and it must be equivalent to:
> - * _pmd = *pmd; barrier();
> - *
> - * This is to deal with the instability (as in
> - * pmd_trans_unstable) of the pmd.
> - */
> - _pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmd);
> + _pmd = pmdp_get_lockless(pmd);
> if (pmd_none(_pmd))
> goto out;
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/pgtable.h b/include/linux/pgtable.h
> index c5a51481bbb9..8ec27fe69dc8 100644
> --- a/include/linux/pgtable.h
> +++ b/include/linux/pgtable.h
> @@ -1344,23 +1344,6 @@ static inline int pud_trans_unstable(pud_t *pud)
> static inline int pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad(pmd_t *pmd)
> {
> pmd_t pmdval = pmdp_get_lockless(pmd);
> - /*
> - * The barrier will stabilize the pmdval in a register or on
> - * the stack so that it will stop changing under the code.
> - *
> - * When CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE=y on x86 32bit PAE,
> - * pmdp_get_lockless is allowed to return a not atomic pmdval
> - * (for example pointing to an hugepage that has never been
> - * mapped in the pmd). The below checks will only care about
> - * the low part of the pmd with 32bit PAE x86 anyway, with the
> - * exception of pmd_none(). So the important thing is that if
> - * the low part of the pmd is found null, the high part will
> - * be also null or the pmd_none() check below would be
> - * confused.
> - */
> -#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
> - barrier();
> -#endif
> /*
> * !pmd_present() checks for pmd migration entries
> *
> diff --git a/mm/gup.c b/mm/gup.c
> index bbe416236593..3bd5d3854c51 100644
> --- a/mm/gup.c
> +++ b/mm/gup.c
> @@ -653,11 +653,7 @@ static struct page *follow_pmd_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
>
> pmd = pmd_offset(pudp, address);
> - /*
> - * The READ_ONCE() will stabilize the pmdval in a register or
> - * on the stack so that it will stop changing under the code.
> - */
> - pmdval = READ_ONCE(*pmd);
> + pmdval = pmdp_get_lockless(pmd);
> if (pmd_none(pmdval))
> return no_page_table(vma, flags);
> if (!pmd_present(pmdval))
> diff --git a/mm/hmm.c b/mm/hmm.c
> index 6a151c09de5e..e23043345615 100644
> --- a/mm/hmm.c
> +++ b/mm/hmm.c
> @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ static int hmm_vma_walk_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp,
> pmd_t pmd;
>
> again:
> - pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> + pmd = pmdp_get_lockless(pmdp);
> if (pmd_none(pmd))
> return hmm_vma_walk_hole(start, end, -1, walk);
>
> diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c
> index 6b9d39d65b73..732f9ac393fc 100644
> --- a/mm/khugepaged.c
> +++ b/mm/khugepaged.c
> @@ -961,11 +961,6 @@ static int find_pmd_or_thp_or_none(struct mm_struct *mm,
> return SCAN_PMD_NULL;
>
> pmde = pmdp_get_lockless(*pmd);
> -
> -#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
> - /* See comments in pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad() */
> - barrier();
> -#endif
> if (pmd_none(pmde))
> return SCAN_PMD_NONE;
> if (!pmd_present(pmde))
> diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
> index 0156bded3a66..df2aa281d49d 100644
> --- a/mm/ksm.c
> +++ b/mm/ksm.c
> @@ -1194,8 +1194,7 @@ static int replace_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page *page,
> * without holding anon_vma lock for write. So when looking for a
> * genuine pmde (in which to find pte), test present and !THP together.
> */
> - pmde = *pmd;
> - barrier();
> + pmde = pmdp_get_lockless(pmd);
> if (!pmd_present(pmde) || pmd_trans_huge(pmde))
> goto out;
>
> diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
> index f69fbc251198..2eb54c0d5d3c 100644
> --- a/mm/memory.c
> +++ b/mm/memory.c
> @@ -4925,18 +4925,9 @@ static vm_fault_t handle_pte_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
> * So now it's safe to run pte_offset_map().
> */
> vmf->pte = pte_offset_map(vmf->pmd, vmf->address);
> - vmf->orig_pte = *vmf->pte;
> + vmf->orig_pte = ptep_get_lockless(vmf->pte);
> vmf->flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ORIG_PTE_VALID;
>
> - /*
> - * some architectures can have larger ptes than wordsize,
> - * e.g.ppc44x-defconfig has CONFIG_PTE_64BIT=y and
> - * CONFIG_32BIT=y, so READ_ONCE cannot guarantee atomic
> - * accesses. The code below just needs a consistent view
> - * for the ifs and we later double check anyway with the
> - * ptl lock held. So here a barrier will do.
> - */
> - barrier();
> if (pte_none(vmf->orig_pte)) {
> pte_unmap(vmf->pte);
> vmf->pte = NULL;
> @@ -5060,9 +5051,8 @@ static vm_fault_t __handle_mm_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> if (!(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK))
> return ret;
> } else {
> - vmf.orig_pmd = *vmf.pmd;
> + vmf.orig_pmd = pmdp_get_lockless(vmf.pmd);
>
> - barrier();
> if (unlikely(is_swap_pmd(vmf.orig_pmd))) {
> VM_BUG_ON(thp_migration_supported() &&
> !is_pmd_migration_entry(vmf.orig_pmd));
> diff --git a/mm/mprotect.c b/mm/mprotect.c
> index 92d3d3ca390a..c5a13c0f1017 100644
> --- a/mm/mprotect.c
> +++ b/mm/mprotect.c
> @@ -309,11 +309,6 @@ static inline int pmd_none_or_clear_bad_unless_trans_huge(pmd_t *pmd)
> {
> pmd_t pmdval = pmdp_get_lockless(pmd);
>
> - /* See pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad for info on barrier */
> -#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
> - barrier();
> -#endif
> -
> if (pmd_none(pmdval))
> return 1;
> if (pmd_trans_huge(pmdval))
> diff --git a/mm/page_vma_mapped.c b/mm/page_vma_mapped.c
> index 4e448cfbc6ef..64aff6718bdb 100644
> --- a/mm/page_vma_mapped.c
> +++ b/mm/page_vma_mapped.c
> @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ bool page_vma_mapped_walk(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw)
> * compiler and used as a stale value after we've observed a
> * subsequent update.
> */
> - pmde = READ_ONCE(*pvmw->pmd);
> + pmde = pmdp_get_lockless(pvmw->pmd);
>
> if (pmd_trans_huge(pmde) || is_pmd_migration_entry(pmde) ||
> (pmd_present(pmde) && pmd_devmap(pmde))) {
> --
> 2.35.3
>

--
Peter Xu

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