[PATCH v4 5.4 1/2] test_firmware: prevent race conditions by a correct implementation of locking

[Mirsad Todorovac]

[ Upstream commit 4acfe3dfde685a5a9eaec5555351918e2d7266a1 ]

Dan Carpenter spotted a race condition in a couple of situations like
these in the test_firmware driver:

static int test_dev_config_update_u8(const char *buf, size_t size, u8 *cfg)
{
        u8 val;
        int ret;

        ret = kstrtou8(buf, 10, &val);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
        *(u8 *)cfg = val;
        mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);

        /* Always return full write size even if we didn't consume all */
        return size;
}

static ssize_t config_num_requests_store(struct device *dev,
                                         struct device_attribute *attr,
                                         const char *buf, size_t count)
{
        int rc;

        mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
        if (test_fw_config->reqs) {
                pr_err("Must call release_all_firmware prior to changing config\n");
                rc = -EINVAL;
                mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
                goto out;
        }
        mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);

        // NOTE: HERE is the race!!! Function can be preempted!

        // test_fw_config->reqs can change between the release of
        // the lock about and acquire of the lock in the
        // test_dev_config_update_u8()

        rc = test_dev_config_update_u8(buf, count,
                                       &test_fw_config->num_requests);

out:
        return rc;
}

static ssize_t config_read_fw_idx_store(struct device *dev,
                                        struct device_attribute *attr,
                                        const char *buf, size_t count)
{
        return test_dev_config_update_u8(buf, count,
                                         &test_fw_config->read_fw_idx);
}

The function test_dev_config_update_u8() is called from both the locked
and the unlocked context, function config_num_requests_store() and
config_read_fw_idx_store() which can both be called asynchronously as
they are driver's methods, while test_dev_config_update_u8() and siblings
change their argument pointed to by u8 *cfg or similar pointer.

To avoid deadlock on test_fw_mutex, the lock is dropped before calling
test_dev_config_update_u8() and re-acquired within test_dev_config_update_u8()
itself, but alas this creates a race condition.

Having two locks wouldn't assure a race-proof mutual exclusion.

This situation is best avoided by the introduction of a new, unlocked
function __test_dev_config_update_u8() which can be called from the locked
context and reducing test_dev_config_update_u8() to:

static int test_dev_config_update_u8(const char *buf, size_t size, u8 *cfg)
{
        int ret;

        mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
        ret = __test_dev_config_update_u8(buf, size, cfg);
        mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);

        return ret;
}

doing the locking and calling the unlocked primitive, which enables both
locked and unlocked versions without duplication of code.

Fixes: c92316bf8e948 ("test_firmware: add batched firmware tests")
Cc: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Russ Weight <russell.h.weight@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Tianfei Zhang <tianfei.zhang@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.i.king@xxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: linux-kselftest@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx # v5.4, 4.19, 4.14
Suggested-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@xxxxxxxxx>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230509084746.48259-1-mirsad.todorovac@xxxxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Mirsad Todorovac <mirsad.todorovac@xxxxxxxxxxxx>

[ This is the patch to fix the racing condition in locking for the 5.4,	]
[ 4.19 and 4.14 stable branches. Not all the fixes from the upstream	]
[ commit apply, but those which do are verbatim equal to those in the	]
[ upstream commit.							]

---
 v4:
	minor versioning clarifications for the patchwork. no changes to the commit.

 v3:
	fixed a minor typo. no change to commit.

 v2:
	tested on 5.4 stable build.

 lib/test_firmware.c | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/test_firmware.c b/lib/test_firmware.c
index 38553944e967..92d7195d5b5b 100644
--- a/lib/test_firmware.c
+++ b/lib/test_firmware.c
@@ -301,16 +301,26 @@ static ssize_t config_test_show_str(char *dst,
 	return len;
 }
 
-static int test_dev_config_update_bool(const char *buf, size_t size,
-				       bool *cfg)
+static inline int __test_dev_config_update_bool(const char *buf, size_t size,
+						bool *cfg)
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
 	if (strtobool(buf, cfg) < 0)
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	else
 		ret = size;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int test_dev_config_update_bool(const char *buf, size_t size,
+				       bool *cfg)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
+	ret = __test_dev_config_update_bool(buf, size, cfg);
 	mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
@@ -340,7 +350,7 @@ static ssize_t test_dev_config_show_int(char *buf, int cfg)
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%d\n", val);
 }
 
-static int test_dev_config_update_u8(const char *buf, size_t size, u8 *cfg)
+static inline int __test_dev_config_update_u8(const char *buf, size_t size, u8 *cfg)
 {
 	int ret;
 	long new;
@@ -352,14 +362,23 @@ static int test_dev_config_update_u8(const char *buf, size_t size, u8 *cfg)
 	if (new > U8_MAX)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
 	*(u8 *)cfg = new;
-	mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
 
 	/* Always return full write size even if we didn't consume all */
 	return size;
 }
 
+static int test_dev_config_update_u8(const char *buf, size_t size, u8 *cfg)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&test_fw_mutex);
+	ret = __test_dev_config_update_u8(buf, size, cfg);
+	mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static ssize_t test_dev_config_show_u8(char *buf, u8 cfg)
 {
 	u8 val;
@@ -392,10 +411,10 @@ static ssize_t config_num_requests_store(struct device *dev,
 		mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
 		goto out;
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
 
-	rc = test_dev_config_update_u8(buf, count,
-				       &test_fw_config->num_requests);
+	rc = __test_dev_config_update_u8(buf, count,
+					 &test_fw_config->num_requests);
+	mutex_unlock(&test_fw_mutex);
 
 out:
 	return rc;
-- 
2.34.1