[PATCH v4] rust: init: remove impl Zeroable for Infallible

[Laine Taffin Altman]

In Rust, producing an invalid value of any type is immediate undefined
behavior (UB); this includes via zeroing memory.  Therefore, since an
uninhabited type has no valid values, producing any values at all for it is
UB.

The Rust standard library type `core::convert::Infallible` is uninhabited,
by virtue of having been declared as an enum with no cases, which always
produces uninhabited types in Rust.

The current kernel code allows this UB to be triggered, for example by code
like `Box::<core::convert::Infallible>::init(kernel::init::zeroed())`.

Thus, remove the implementation of `Zeroable` for `Infallible`, thereby
avoiding the unsoundness (potential for future UB).

Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Fixes: 38cde0bd7b67 ("rust: init: add `Zeroable` trait and `init::zeroed` function")
Closes: https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/pinned-init/pull/13
Signed-off-by: Laine Taffin Altman <alexanderaltman@xxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@xxxxxxxxx>
---
V3 -> V4: Address review nits; run checkpatch properly.
V2 -> V3: Email formatting correction.
V1 -> V2: Added more documentation to the comment, with links; also added more details to the commit message.

 rust/kernel/init.rs | 11 +++++++++--
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/rust/kernel/init.rs b/rust/kernel/init.rs
index 424257284d16..3859c7ff81b7 100644
--- a/rust/kernel/init.rs
+++ b/rust/kernel/init.rs
@@ -1292,8 +1292,15 @@ macro_rules! impl_zeroable {
     i8, i16, i32, i64, i128, isize,
     f32, f64,
 
-    // SAFETY: These are ZSTs, there is nothing to zero.
-    {<T: ?Sized>} PhantomData<T>, core::marker::PhantomPinned, Infallible, (),
+    // Note: do not add uninhabited types (such as `!` or `core::convert::Infallible`) to this list;
+    // creating an instance of an uninhabited type is immediate undefined behavior.  For more on
+    // uninhabited/empty types, consult The Rustonomicon:
+    // https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/nomicon/exotic-sizes.html#empty-types The Rust Reference
+    // also has information on undefined behavior:
+    // https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/behavior-considered-undefined.html
+    //
+    // SAFETY: These are inhabited ZSTs; there is nothing to zero and a valid value exists.
+    {<T: ?Sized>} PhantomData<T>, core::marker::PhantomPinned, (),
 
     // SAFETY: Type is allowed to take any value, including all zeros.
     {<T>} MaybeUninit<T>,

base-commit: c85af715cac0a951eea97393378e84bb49384734
-- 
2.44.0