[PATCH] nilfs2: handle inconsistent state in nilfs_btnode_create_block()

[Ryusuke Konishi]

Syzbot reported that a buffer state inconsistency was detected in
nilfs_btnode_create_block(), triggering a kernel bug.

It is not appropriate to treat this inconsistency as a bug; it can
occur if the argument block address (the buffer index of the newly
created block) is a virtual block number and has been reallocated due
to corruption of the bitmap used to manage its allocation state.

So, modify nilfs_btnode_create_block() and its callers to treat it as
a possible filesystem error, rather than triggering a kernel bug.

Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@xxxxxxxxx>
Reported-by: syzbot+89cc4f2324ed37988b60@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=89cc4f2324ed37988b60
Fixes: a60be987d45d ("nilfs2: B-tree node cache")
Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
---
Andrew, please apply this as a bug fix.

This fixes one syzbot-reported issue where a kernel bug could be
triggered on corrupted file system images.

Thanks,
Ryusuke Konishi

 fs/nilfs2/btnode.c | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++-----
 fs/nilfs2/btree.c  |  4 ++--
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c b/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c
index 0131d83b912d..c034080c334b 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c
@@ -51,12 +51,21 @@ nilfs_btnode_create_block(struct address_space *btnc, __u64 blocknr)
 
 	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, btnc, blocknr, BIT(BH_NILFS_Node));
 	if (unlikely(!bh))
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
 	if (unlikely(buffer_mapped(bh) || buffer_uptodate(bh) ||
 		     buffer_dirty(bh))) {
-		brelse(bh);
-		BUG();
+		/*
+		 * The block buffer at the specified new address was already
+		 * in use.  This can happen if it is a virtual block number
+		 * and has been reallocated due to corruption of the bitmap
+		 * used to manage its allocation state (if not, the buffer
+		 * clearing of an abandoned b-tree node is missing somewhere).
+		 */
+		nilfs_error(inode->i_sb,
+			    "state inconsistency probably due to duplicate use of b-tree node block address %llu (ino=%lu)",
+			    (unsigned long long)blocknr, inode->i_ino);
+		goto failed;
 	}
 	memset(bh->b_data, 0, i_blocksize(inode));
 	bh->b_bdev = inode->i_sb->s_bdev;
@@ -67,6 +76,12 @@ nilfs_btnode_create_block(struct address_space *btnc, __u64 blocknr)
 	folio_unlock(bh->b_folio);
 	folio_put(bh->b_folio);
 	return bh;
+
+failed:
+	folio_unlock(bh->b_folio);
+	folio_put(bh->b_folio);
+	brelse(bh);
+	return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
 }
 
 int nilfs_btnode_submit_block(struct address_space *btnc, __u64 blocknr,
@@ -217,8 +232,8 @@ int nilfs_btnode_prepare_change_key(struct address_space *btnc,
 	}
 
 	nbh = nilfs_btnode_create_block(btnc, newkey);
-	if (!nbh)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	if (IS_ERR(nbh))
+		return PTR_ERR(nbh);
 
 	BUG_ON(nbh == obh);
 	ctxt->newbh = nbh;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/btree.c b/fs/nilfs2/btree.c
index a139970e4804..862bdf23120e 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/btree.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/btree.c
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ static int nilfs_btree_get_new_block(const struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
 
 	bh = nilfs_btnode_create_block(btnc, ptr);
-	if (!bh)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	if (IS_ERR(bh))
+		return PTR_ERR(bh);
 
 	set_buffer_nilfs_volatile(bh);
 	*bhp = bh;
-- 
2.34.1