[RFC] openrisc: Add cacheinfo support

[Sahil Siddiq]

Add cacheinfo support for OpenRISC.

Currently, a few CPU cache attributes pertaining to OpenRISC processors
are exposed along with other unrelated CPU attributes in the procfs file
system (/proc/cpuinfo). However, a few cache attributes remain unexposed.
An attempt is also made to pull these CPU cache attributes without
detecting if the relevant cache exists.

This patch provides a mechanism that the generic cacheinfo infrastructure
can employ to expose these attributes via the sysfs file system. These
attributes are exposed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cache/indexN.
Cache attributes are pulled only when the cache component is detected.

The implementation to pull cache attributes from the processor's
registers has been moved from arch/openrisc/kernel/setup.c with a few
modifications.

The patch also moves cache-related fields out of struct cpuinfo_or1k and
into its own struct to keep the implementation straightforward. This
reduces duplication of cache-related fields while keeping cpuinfo_or1k
extensible in case more cache descriptors are added in the future.

This implementation is based on similar work done for MIPS and LoongArch.

Signed-off-by: Sahil Siddiq <sahilcdq@xxxxxxxxx>
---
Before applying these changes, there is no "cache" directory in
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0. After applying these changes, the
cache directory is present and has the following hierarchy.

~ # tree /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cache/
├── index0
│   ├── coherency_line_size
│   ├── level
│   ├── number_of_sets
│   ├── shared_cpu_list
│   ├── shared_cpu_map
│   ├── size
│   ├── type
│   ├── uevent
│   ├── ways_of_associativity
│   └── write_policy
├── index1
│   ├── coherency_line_size
│   ├── level
│   ├── number_of_sets
│   ├── shared_cpu_list
│   ├── shared_cpu_map
│   ├── size
│   ├── type
│   ├── uevent
│   └── ways_of_associativity
└── uevent

The newly implemented "init_cache_level()" pulls the cache details by
reading the processor's special registers as it was being done in
setup.c.

None of the functions in drivers/base/cacheinfo.c that are capable of
pulling these details (e.g.: cache_size) have been used. This is because
they pull these details by reading properties present in the device tree
file. In setup.c, for example, the value of "clock-frequency" is pulled
from the device tree file.

Cache related properties are currently not present in OpenRISC's device
tree files.

Regarding the "shared_cpu_map" cache attribute, I wasn't able to find
anything in the OpenRISC architecture manual to indicate that processors
in a multi-processor system may share the same cache component. MIPS uses
"globalnumber" to detect siblings. LoongArch uses a "CACHE_PRIVATE" flag
to detect siblings sharing the same cache.

I am running with the assumption that every OpenRISC core has its own
icache and dcache. Given that OpenRISC does not support a multi-level
cache architecture and that icache and dcache are like L1 caches, I
think this assumption is reasonable. What are your thoughts on this?

Another issue I noticed is that the unit used in ...cache/indexN/size
is KB. The actual value of the size is right-shifted by 10 before being
reported. When testing these changes using QEMU (and without making any
modifications to the values stored in DCCFGR and ICCFGR), the cache size
is far smaller than 1KB. Consequently, this is reported as 0K. For cache
sizes smaller than 1KB, should something be done to report it in another
unit? Reporting 0K seems a little misleading.

Thanks,
Sahil

 arch/openrisc/include/asm/cpuinfo.h |  16 +++--
 arch/openrisc/kernel/Makefile       |   2 +-
 arch/openrisc/kernel/cacheinfo.c    | 104 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/openrisc/kernel/dma.c          |   6 +-
 arch/openrisc/kernel/setup.c        |  45 ------------
 5 files changed, 117 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/openrisc/kernel/cacheinfo.c

diff --git a/arch/openrisc/include/asm/cpuinfo.h b/arch/openrisc/include/asm/cpuinfo.h
index 5e4744153d0e..82f5d4c06314 100644
--- a/arch/openrisc/include/asm/cpuinfo.h
+++ b/arch/openrisc/include/asm/cpuinfo.h
@@ -15,16 +15,18 @@
 #ifndef __ASM_OPENRISC_CPUINFO_H
 #define __ASM_OPENRISC_CPUINFO_H
 
+struct cache_desc {
+	u32 size;
+	u32 sets;
+	u32 block_size;
+	u32 ways;
+};
+
 struct cpuinfo_or1k {
 	u32 clock_frequency;
 
-	u32 icache_size;
-	u32 icache_block_size;
-	u32 icache_ways;
-
-	u32 dcache_size;
-	u32 dcache_block_size;
-	u32 dcache_ways;
+	struct cache_desc icache;
+	struct cache_desc dcache;
 
 	u16 coreid;
 };
diff --git a/arch/openrisc/kernel/Makefile b/arch/openrisc/kernel/Makefile
index 79129161f3e0..e4c7d9bdd598 100644
--- a/arch/openrisc/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/openrisc/kernel/Makefile
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ extra-y	:= vmlinux.lds
 
 obj-y	:= head.o setup.o or32_ksyms.o process.o dma.o \
 	   traps.o time.o irq.o entry.o ptrace.o signal.o \
-	   sys_call_table.o unwinder.o
+	   sys_call_table.o unwinder.o cacheinfo.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_SMP)		+= smp.o sync-timer.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_STACKTRACE)	+= stacktrace.o
diff --git a/arch/openrisc/kernel/cacheinfo.c b/arch/openrisc/kernel/cacheinfo.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..515969896c20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/openrisc/kernel/cacheinfo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * OpenRISC cacheinfo support
+ *
+ * Based on work done for MIPS and LoongArch. All original copyrights
+ * apply as per the original source declaration.
+ *
+ * OpenRISC implementation:
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 Sahil Siddiq <sahilcdq@xxxxxxxxx>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/cacheinfo.h>
+#include <asm/cpuinfo.h>
+#include <asm/spr.h>
+#include <asm/spr_defs.h>
+
+static inline void ci_leaf_init(struct cacheinfo *this_leaf, enum cache_type type,
+				unsigned int level, struct cache_desc *cache, int cpu)
+{
+	this_leaf->type = type;
+	this_leaf->level = level;
+	this_leaf->coherency_line_size = cache->block_size;
+	this_leaf->number_of_sets = cache->sets;
+	this_leaf->ways_of_associativity = cache->ways;
+	this_leaf->size = cache->size;
+	cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &this_leaf->shared_cpu_map);
+}
+
+int init_cache_level(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+	struct cpuinfo_or1k *cpuinfo = &cpuinfo_or1k[smp_processor_id()];
+	struct cpu_cacheinfo *this_cpu_ci = get_cpu_cacheinfo(cpu);
+	int leaves = 0, levels = 0;
+	unsigned long upr = mfspr(SPR_UPR);
+	unsigned long iccfgr, dccfgr;
+
+	if (!(upr & SPR_UPR_UP)) {
+		printk(KERN_INFO
+		       "-- no UPR register... unable to detect configuration\n");
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	if (upr & SPR_UPR_DCP) {
+		dccfgr = mfspr(SPR_DCCFGR);
+		cpuinfo->dcache.ways = 1 << (dccfgr & SPR_DCCFGR_NCW);
+		cpuinfo->dcache.sets = 1 << ((dccfgr & SPR_DCCFGR_NCS) >> 3);
+		cpuinfo->dcache.block_size = 16 << ((dccfgr & SPR_DCCFGR_CBS) >> 7);
+		cpuinfo->dcache.size =
+		    cpuinfo->dcache.sets * cpuinfo->dcache.ways * cpuinfo->dcache.block_size;
+		leaves += 1;
+		printk(KERN_INFO
+		       "-- dcache: %4d bytes total, %2d bytes/line, %d way(s)\n",
+		       cpuinfo->dcache.size, cpuinfo->dcache.block_size,
+		       cpuinfo->dcache.ways);
+	} else
+		printk(KERN_INFO "-- dcache disabled\n");
+
+	if (upr & SPR_UPR_ICP) {
+		iccfgr = mfspr(SPR_ICCFGR);
+		cpuinfo->icache.ways = 1 << (iccfgr & SPR_ICCFGR_NCW);
+		cpuinfo->icache.sets = 1 << ((iccfgr & SPR_ICCFGR_NCS) >> 3);
+		cpuinfo->icache.block_size = 16 << ((iccfgr & SPR_ICCFGR_CBS) >> 7);
+		cpuinfo->icache.size =
+		    cpuinfo->icache.sets * cpuinfo->icache.ways * cpuinfo->icache.block_size;
+		leaves += 1;
+		printk(KERN_INFO
+		       "-- icache: %4d bytes total, %2d bytes/line, %d way(s)\n",
+		       cpuinfo->icache.size, cpuinfo->icache.block_size,
+		       cpuinfo->icache.ways);
+	} else
+		printk(KERN_INFO "-- icache disabled\n");
+
+	if (!leaves)
+		return -ENOENT;
+
+	levels = 1;
+
+	this_cpu_ci->num_leaves = leaves;
+	this_cpu_ci->num_levels = levels;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int populate_cache_leaves(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+	struct cpuinfo_or1k *cpuinfo = &cpuinfo_or1k[smp_processor_id()];
+	struct cpu_cacheinfo *this_cpu_ci = get_cpu_cacheinfo(cpu);
+	struct cacheinfo *this_leaf = this_cpu_ci->info_list;
+	int level = 1;
+
+	if (cpuinfo->dcache.ways) {
+		ci_leaf_init(this_leaf, CACHE_TYPE_DATA, level, &cpuinfo->dcache, cpu);
+		this_leaf->attributes = ((mfspr(SPR_DCCFGR) & SPR_DCCFGR_CWS) >> 8) ?
+					CACHE_WRITE_BACK : CACHE_WRITE_THROUGH;
+		this_leaf++;
+	}
+
+	if (cpuinfo->icache.ways)
+		ci_leaf_init(this_leaf, CACHE_TYPE_INST, level, &cpuinfo->icache, cpu);
+
+	this_cpu_ci->cpu_map_populated = true;
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/arch/openrisc/kernel/dma.c b/arch/openrisc/kernel/dma.c
index b3edbb33b621..5864c4c7a8b8 100644
--- a/arch/openrisc/kernel/dma.c
+++ b/arch/openrisc/kernel/dma.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ page_set_nocache(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
 	flush_tlb_kernel_range(addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE);
 
 	/* Flush page out of dcache */
-	for (cl = __pa(addr); cl < __pa(next); cl += cpuinfo->dcache_block_size)
+	for (cl = __pa(addr); cl < __pa(next); cl += cpuinfo->dcache.block_size)
 		mtspr(SPR_DCBFR, cl);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -105,13 +105,13 @@ void arch_sync_dma_for_device(phys_addr_t addr, size_t size,
 	case DMA_TO_DEVICE:
 		/* Flush the dcache for the requested range */
 		for (cl = addr; cl < addr + size;
-		     cl += cpuinfo->dcache_block_size)
+		     cl += cpuinfo->dcache.block_size)
 			mtspr(SPR_DCBFR, cl);
 		break;
 	case DMA_FROM_DEVICE:
 		/* Invalidate the dcache for the requested range */
 		for (cl = addr; cl < addr + size;
-		     cl += cpuinfo->dcache_block_size)
+		     cl += cpuinfo->dcache.block_size)
 			mtspr(SPR_DCBIR, cl);
 		break;
 	default:
diff --git a/arch/openrisc/kernel/setup.c b/arch/openrisc/kernel/setup.c
index be56eaafc8b9..38172c0989cf 100644
--- a/arch/openrisc/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/openrisc/kernel/setup.c
@@ -107,27 +107,6 @@ static void print_cpuinfo(void)
 	printk(KERN_INFO "CPU: OpenRISC-%x (revision %d) @%d MHz\n",
 	       version, revision, cpuinfo->clock_frequency / 1000000);
 
-	if (!(upr & SPR_UPR_UP)) {
-		printk(KERN_INFO
-		       "-- no UPR register... unable to detect configuration\n");
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (upr & SPR_UPR_DCP)
-		printk(KERN_INFO
-		       "-- dcache: %4d bytes total, %2d bytes/line, %d way(s)\n",
-		       cpuinfo->dcache_size, cpuinfo->dcache_block_size,
-		       cpuinfo->dcache_ways);
-	else
-		printk(KERN_INFO "-- dcache disabled\n");
-	if (upr & SPR_UPR_ICP)
-		printk(KERN_INFO
-		       "-- icache: %4d bytes total, %2d bytes/line, %d way(s)\n",
-		       cpuinfo->icache_size, cpuinfo->icache_block_size,
-		       cpuinfo->icache_ways);
-	else
-		printk(KERN_INFO "-- icache disabled\n");
-
 	if (upr & SPR_UPR_DMP)
 		printk(KERN_INFO "-- dmmu: %4d entries, %lu way(s)\n",
 		       1 << ((mfspr(SPR_DMMUCFGR) & SPR_DMMUCFGR_NTS) >> 2),
@@ -155,8 +134,6 @@ static void print_cpuinfo(void)
 void __init setup_cpuinfo(void)
 {
 	struct device_node *cpu;
-	unsigned long iccfgr, dccfgr;
-	unsigned long cache_set_size;
 	int cpu_id = smp_processor_id();
 	struct cpuinfo_or1k *cpuinfo = &cpuinfo_or1k[cpu_id];
 
@@ -164,20 +141,6 @@ void __init setup_cpuinfo(void)
 	if (!cpu)
 		panic("Couldn't find CPU%d in device tree...\n", cpu_id);
 
-	iccfgr = mfspr(SPR_ICCFGR);
-	cpuinfo->icache_ways = 1 << (iccfgr & SPR_ICCFGR_NCW);
-	cache_set_size = 1 << ((iccfgr & SPR_ICCFGR_NCS) >> 3);
-	cpuinfo->icache_block_size = 16 << ((iccfgr & SPR_ICCFGR_CBS) >> 7);
-	cpuinfo->icache_size =
-	    cache_set_size * cpuinfo->icache_ways * cpuinfo->icache_block_size;
-
-	dccfgr = mfspr(SPR_DCCFGR);
-	cpuinfo->dcache_ways = 1 << (dccfgr & SPR_DCCFGR_NCW);
-	cache_set_size = 1 << ((dccfgr & SPR_DCCFGR_NCS) >> 3);
-	cpuinfo->dcache_block_size = 16 << ((dccfgr & SPR_DCCFGR_CBS) >> 7);
-	cpuinfo->dcache_size =
-	    cache_set_size * cpuinfo->dcache_ways * cpuinfo->dcache_block_size;
-
 	if (of_property_read_u32(cpu, "clock-frequency",
 				 &cpuinfo->clock_frequency)) {
 		printk(KERN_WARNING
@@ -320,14 +283,6 @@ static int show_cpuinfo(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 		seq_printf(m, "revision\t\t: %d\n", vr & SPR_VR_REV);
 	}
 	seq_printf(m, "frequency\t\t: %ld\n", loops_per_jiffy * HZ);
-	seq_printf(m, "dcache size\t\t: %d bytes\n", cpuinfo->dcache_size);
-	seq_printf(m, "dcache block size\t: %d bytes\n",
-		   cpuinfo->dcache_block_size);
-	seq_printf(m, "dcache ways\t\t: %d\n", cpuinfo->dcache_ways);
-	seq_printf(m, "icache size\t\t: %d bytes\n", cpuinfo->icache_size);
-	seq_printf(m, "icache block size\t: %d bytes\n",
-		   cpuinfo->icache_block_size);
-	seq_printf(m, "icache ways\t\t: %d\n", cpuinfo->icache_ways);
 	seq_printf(m, "immu\t\t\t: %d entries, %lu ways\n",
 		   1 << ((mfspr(SPR_DMMUCFGR) & SPR_DMMUCFGR_NTS) >> 2),
 		   1 + (mfspr(SPR_DMMUCFGR) & SPR_DMMUCFGR_NTW));
-- 
2.48.1