Re: [PATCH 5/9] rcutorture: Add tests for SRCU up/down reader primitives

From: Z qiang
Date: Wed Mar 26 2025 - 23:30:35 EST

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>
> This commit adds a new rcutorture.n_up_down kernel boot parameter
> that specifies the number of outstanding SRCU up/down readers, which
> begin in kthread context and end in an hrtimer handler. There is a new
> kthread ("rcu_torture_updown") that scans an per-reader array looking
> for elements whose readers have ended. This kthread sleeps between one
> and two milliseconds between consecutive scans.
>
> [ paulmck: Apply kernel test robot feedback. ]
>
> Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
> kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c | 227 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> 1 file changed, 208 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
> index b0e96df636226..6afcd33e724ba 100644
> --- a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
> +++ b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
> @@ -55,22 +55,24 @@ MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility");
> MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
> MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> and Josh Triplett <josh@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>");
>
> -/* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1 8 /* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1 (0xff << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1)
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2 16 /* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2 (0xff << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2)
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH 0x01 /* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ 0x02 /* ... disabling interrupts. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT 0x04 /* ... disabling preemption. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH 0x08 /* ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED 0x10 /* ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 0x20 /* ... entering another RCU reader. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2 0x40 /* ... entering another RCU reader. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS 7 /* Number of bits defined above. */
> -#define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND \
> +// Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1 8 // Put SRCU index in upper bits.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1 (0xff << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1)
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2 16 // Put SRCU index in upper bits.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2 (0xff << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2)
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH 0x01 // Extend readers by disabling bh.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ 0x02 // ... disabling interrupts.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT 0x04 // ... disabling preemption.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH 0x08 // ... rcu_read_lock_bh().
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED 0x10 // ... rcu_read_lock_sched().
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 0x20 // ... entering another RCU reader.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2 0x40 // ... entering another RCU reader.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_UPDOWN 0x80 // ... up-read from task, down-read from timer.
> + // Note: Manual start, automatic end.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS 8 // Number of bits defined above.
> +#define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND \
> (RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
> - RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
> + RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED) // Intentionally omit RCUTORTURE_RDR_UPDOWN.
> #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_ALLBITS \
> (RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2 | \
> RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2)
> @@ -110,6 +112,7 @@ torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
> torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
> torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
> torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0, "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
> +torture_param(int, n_up_down, 32, "# of concurrent up/down hrtimer-based RCU readers");
> torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
> torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
> torture_param(int, object_debug, 0, "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
> @@ -152,6 +155,7 @@ static int nrealfakewriters;
> static struct task_struct *writer_task;
> static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
> static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
> +static struct task_struct *updown_task;
> static struct task_struct **nocb_tasks;
> static struct task_struct *stats_task;
> static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
> @@ -374,6 +378,8 @@ struct rcu_torture_ops {
> void (*readunlock)(int idx);
> int (*readlock_held)(void); // lockdep.
> int (*readlock_nesting)(void); // actual nesting, if available, -1 if not.
> + int (*down_read)(void);
> + void (*up_read)(int idx);
> unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
> unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
> void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
> @@ -421,6 +427,7 @@ struct rcu_torture_ops {
> int no_pi_lock;
> int debug_objects;
> int start_poll_irqsoff;
> + int have_up_down;
> const char *name;
> };
>
> @@ -754,6 +761,50 @@ static int torture_srcu_read_lock_held(void)
> return srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp);
> }
>
> +static bool srcu_torture_have_up_down(void)
> +{
> + int rf = reader_flavor;
> +
> + if (!rf)
> + rf = SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL;
> + return !!(cur_ops->have_up_down & rf);
> +}
> +
> +static int srcu_torture_down_read(void)
> +{
> + int idx;
> + struct srcu_ctr __percpu *scp;
> +
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(reader_flavor & ~SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_ALL);
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(reader_flavor & (reader_flavor - 1));
> +
> + if ((reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL) || !(reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_ALL)) {
> + idx = srcu_down_read(srcu_ctlp);
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(idx & ~0x1);
> + return idx;
> + }
> + if (reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST) {
> + scp = srcu_down_read_fast(srcu_ctlp);
> + idx = __srcu_ptr_to_ctr(srcu_ctlp, scp);
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(idx & ~0x1);
> + return idx << 3;
> + }
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
> + return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static void srcu_torture_up_read(int idx)
> +{
> + WARN_ON_ONCE((reader_flavor && (idx & ~reader_flavor)) || (!reader_flavor && (idx & ~0x1)));
> + if (reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST)
> + srcu_up_read_fast(srcu_ctlp, __srcu_ctr_to_ptr(srcu_ctlp, (idx & 0x8) >> 3));
> + else if ((reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL) ||
> + !(reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_ALL))
> + srcu_up_read(srcu_ctlp, idx & 0x1);
> + else
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
> +}
> +
> static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
> {
> return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
> @@ -811,6 +862,8 @@ static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
> .readlock = srcu_torture_read_lock,
> .read_delay = srcu_read_delay,
> .readunlock = srcu_torture_read_unlock,
> + .down_read = srcu_torture_down_read,
> + .up_read = srcu_torture_up_read,
> .readlock_held = torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
> .get_gp_seq = srcu_torture_completed,
> .gp_diff = rcu_seq_diff,
> @@ -831,6 +884,8 @@ static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
> .irq_capable = 1,
> .no_pi_lock = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
> .debug_objects = 1,
> + .have_up_down = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU)
> + ? 0 : SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL | SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST,
> .name = "srcu"
> };
>
> @@ -856,6 +911,8 @@ static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
> .read_delay = srcu_read_delay,
> .readunlock = srcu_torture_read_unlock,
> .readlock_held = torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
> + .down_read = srcu_torture_down_read,
> + .up_read = srcu_torture_up_read,
> .get_gp_seq = srcu_torture_completed,
> .gp_diff = rcu_seq_diff,
> .deferred_free = srcu_torture_deferred_free,
> @@ -875,6 +932,8 @@ static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
> .irq_capable = 1,
> .no_pi_lock = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
> .debug_objects = 1,
> + .have_up_down = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU)
> + ? 0 : SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL | SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_FAST,
> .name = "srcud"
> };
>
> @@ -1985,7 +2044,7 @@ static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate, bool insoftirq,
>
> first = idxold1 == 0;
> WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 < 0);
> - WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_ALLBITS);
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 & ~(RCUTORTURE_RDR_ALLBITS | RCUTORTURE_RDR_UPDOWN));
> rcutorture_one_extend_check("before change", idxold1, statesnew, statesold, insoftirq);
> rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
>
> @@ -2061,6 +2120,11 @@ static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate, bool insoftirq,
> if (lockit)
> raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
> }
> + if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_UPDOWN) {
> + cur_ops->up_read((idxold1 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1) >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1);
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 != -1);
> + idxold1 = 0;
> + }
>
> /* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
> if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
> @@ -2201,7 +2265,8 @@ static bool rcu_torture_one_read_start(struct rcu_torture_one_read_state *rtorsp
> rtorsp->started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
> rtorsp->ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
> rtorsp->p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
> - !cur_ops->readlock_held || cur_ops->readlock_held());
> + !cur_ops->readlock_held || cur_ops->readlock_held() ||
> + (rtorsp->readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_UPDOWN));
> if (rtorsp->p == NULL) {
> /* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
> rcutorture_one_extend(&rtorsp->readstate, 0, myid < 0, trsp, rtorsp->rtrsp);
> @@ -2370,6 +2435,123 @@ rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
> return 0;
> }
>
> +struct rcu_torture_one_read_state_updown {
> + struct hrtimer rtorsu_hrt;
> + bool rtorsu_inuse;
> + struct torture_random_state rtorsu_trs;
> + struct rcu_torture_one_read_state rtorsu_rtors;
> +};
> +
> +static struct rcu_torture_one_read_state_updown *updownreaders;
> +static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rcu_torture_updown_rand);
> +static int rcu_torture_updown(void *arg);
> +
> +static enum hrtimer_restart rcu_torture_updown_hrt(struct hrtimer *hrtp)
> +{
> + struct rcu_torture_one_read_state_updown *rtorsup;
> +
> + rtorsup = container_of(hrtp, struct rcu_torture_one_read_state_updown, rtorsu_hrt);
> + rcu_torture_one_read_end(&rtorsup->rtorsu_rtors, &rtorsup->rtorsu_trs, -1);
> + smp_store_release(&rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse, false);
> + return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
> +}
> +
> +static int rcu_torture_updown_init(void)
> +{
> + int i;
> + struct torture_random_state *rand = &rcu_torture_updown_rand;
> + int ret;
> +
> + if (n_up_down < 0)
> + return 0;
> + if (!srcu_torture_have_up_down()) {
> + VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_updown_init: Disabling up/down reader tests due to lack of primitives");
> + return 0;
> + }
> + updownreaders = kcalloc(n_up_down, sizeof(*updownreaders), GFP_KERNEL);
> + if (!updownreaders) {
> + VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_updown_init: Out of memory, disabling up/down reader tests");
> + return -ENOMEM;
> + }
> + for (i = 0; i < n_up_down; i++) {
> + init_rcu_torture_one_read_state(&updownreaders[i].rtorsu_rtors, rand);
> + hrtimer_init(&updownreaders[i].rtorsu_hrt, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
> + HRTIMER_MODE_REL | HRTIMER_MODE_SOFT);
> + updownreaders[i].rtorsu_hrt.function = rcu_torture_updown_hrt;
> + torture_random_init(&updownreaders[i].rtorsu_trs);
> + init_rcu_torture_one_read_state(&updownreaders[i].rtorsu_rtors,
> + &updownreaders[i].rtorsu_trs);
> + }
> + ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_updown, rand, updown_task);
> + if (ret) {
> + kfree(updownreaders);
> + updownreaders = NULL;
> + }
> + return ret;
> +}
> +
> +static void rcu_torture_updown_cleanup(void)
> +{
> + struct rcu_torture_one_read_state_updown *rtorsup;
> +
> + for (rtorsup = updownreaders; rtorsup < &updownreaders[n_up_down]; rtorsup++) {
> + if (!smp_load_acquire(&rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse))
> + continue;
> + (void)hrtimer_cancel(&rtorsup->rtorsu_hrt);
> + WARN_ON_ONCE(rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse);

Hello, Paul

When I rmmod rcutorture, the following warning is triggered:

[ 809.227012] WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 662 at
kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c:2506 rcu_torture_updown+0x3ff/0x620
[rcutorture]
[ 809.227038] Modules linked in: rcutorture(-) torture [last
unloaded: rcutorture]
[ 809.227052] CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 662 Comm: rcu_torture_upd Not
tainted 6.14.0-rc1-yoctodev-standard+ #103
f927b67579e64efac707898e59c492a894becb07
[ 809.227057] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009),
BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[ 809.227061] RIP: 0010:rcu_torture_updown+0x3ff/0x620 [rcutorture]
[ 809.227112] Call Trace:
[ 809.227114] <TASK>
[ 809.227118] ? show_regs+0x65/0x70
[ 809.227127] ? __warn+0xd5/0x310
[ 809.227137] ? rcu_torture_updown+0x3ff/0x620 [rcutorture
1eb1c0a0090f471c5e98b34f024c9030cef829ed]
[ 809.227155] ? report_bug+0x23e/0x490
[ 809.227172] ? handle_bug+0x5b/0xa0
[ 809.227180] ? exc_invalid_op+0x1c/0x50
[ 809.227188] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1f/0x30
[ 809.227210] ? hrtimer_try_to_cancel+0x160/0x490
[ 809.227216] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x4a/0x80
[ 809.227225] ? rcu_torture_updown+0x3ff/0x620 [rcutorture
1eb1c0a0090f471c5e98b34f024c9030cef829ed]
[ 809.227255] ? rcu_torture_updown+0x340/0x620 [rcutorture
1eb1c0a0090f471c5e98b34f024c9030cef829ed]
[ 809.227320] ? __pfx_rcu_torture_updown+0x10/0x10 [rcutorture
1eb1c0a0090f471c5e98b34f024c9030cef829ed]
[ 809.227337] kthread+0x3d9/0x810
[ 809.227349] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 809.227357] ? rt_spin_unlock+0x4c/0x90
[ 809.227362] ? rt_spin_unlock+0x4c/0x90
[ 809.227367] ? calculate_sigpending+0x88/0xa0
[ 809.227372] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 809.227380] ret_from_fork+0x40/0x70
[ 809.227383] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 809.227390] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
[ 809.227420] </TASK>

If rtorsu_hrt timer is still in timer_queue, invoke hrtimer_cancel() will
remove it from timerqueue and directly return, so the rcu_torture_updown_hrt()
will not be executed and the rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse cannot be set false.

How about modifying it as follows:

diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
index 04d7a2173b95..ecf3d3797f7e 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
@@ -2502,8 +2502,7 @@ static void rcu_torture_updown_cleanup(void)
for (rtorsup = updownreaders; rtorsup <
&updownreaders[n_up_down]; rtorsup++) {
if (!smp_load_acquire(&rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse))
continue;
- (void)hrtimer_cancel(&rtorsup->rtorsu_hrt);
- if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse)) {
+ if (hrtimer_cancel(&rtorsup->rtorsu_hrt) ||
WARN_ON_ONCE(rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse)) {

rcu_torture_one_read_end(&rtorsup->rtorsu_rtors, &rtorsup->rtorsu_trs,
-1);
WARN_ONCE(rtorsup->rtorsu_nups >=
rtorsup->rtorsu_ndowns, "%s: Up without matching down #%zu.\n",
__func__, rtorsup - updownreaders);
rtorsup->rtorsu_nups++;

Thanks
Zqiang

> +
> + }
> + kfree(updownreaders);
> + updownreaders = NULL;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * RCU torture up/down reader kthread, starting RCU readers in kthread
> + * context and ending them in hrtimer handlers. Otherwise similar to
> + * rcu_torture_reader().
> + */
> +static int
> +rcu_torture_updown(void *arg)
> +{
> + int idx;
> + int rawidx;
> + struct rcu_torture_one_read_state_updown *rtorsup;
> + ktime_t t;
> +
> + VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_updown task started");
> + do {
> + for (rtorsup = updownreaders; rtorsup < &updownreaders[n_up_down]; rtorsup++) {
> + if (torture_must_stop())
> + break;
> + if (smp_load_acquire(&rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse))
> + continue;
> + init_rcu_torture_one_read_state(&rtorsup->rtorsu_rtors,
> + &rtorsup->rtorsu_trs);
> + rawidx = cur_ops->down_read();
> + idx = (rawidx << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1;
> + rtorsup->rtorsu_rtors.readstate = idx | RCUTORTURE_RDR_UPDOWN;
> + rtorsup->rtorsu_rtors.rtrsp++;
> + if (!rcu_torture_one_read_start(&rtorsup->rtorsu_rtors,
> + &rtorsup->rtorsu_trs, -1)) {
> + cur_ops->up_read(rawidx);
> + schedule_timeout_idle(HZ);
> + continue;
> + }
> + smp_store_release(&rtorsup->rtorsu_inuse, true);
> + t = torture_random(&rtorsup->rtorsu_trs) & 0xfffff; // One per million.
> + if (t < 10 * 1000)
> + t = 200 * 1000 * 1000;
> + hrtimer_start(&rtorsup->rtorsu_hrt, t,
> + HRTIMER_MODE_REL | HRTIMER_MODE_SOFT);
> + }
> + torture_hrtimeout_ms(1, 1000, &rcu_torture_updown_rand);
> + stutter_wait("rcu_torture_updown");
> + } while (!torture_must_stop());
> + rcu_torture_updown_cleanup();
> + torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_updown");
> + return 0;
> +}
> +
> /*
> * Randomly Toggle CPUs' callback-offload state. This uses hrtimers to
> * increase race probabilities and fuzzes the interval between toggling.
> @@ -2620,7 +2802,7 @@ rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
> "reader_flavor=%x "
> "nocbs_nthreads=%d nocbs_toggle=%d "
> "test_nmis=%d "
> - "preempt_duration=%d preempt_interval=%d\n",
> + "preempt_duration=%d preempt_interval=%d n_up_down=%d\n",
> torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nrealfakewriters,
> stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
> stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
> @@ -2634,7 +2816,7 @@ rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
> reader_flavor,
> nocbs_nthreads, nocbs_toggle,
> test_nmis,
> - preempt_duration, preempt_interval);
> + preempt_duration, preempt_interval, n_up_down);
> }
>
> static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
> @@ -3686,6 +3868,10 @@ rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
> nocb_tasks = NULL;
> }
>
> + if (updown_task) {
> + torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_updown, updown_task);
> + updown_task = NULL;
> + }
> if (reader_tasks) {
> for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
> torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
> @@ -4216,6 +4402,9 @@ rcu_torture_init(void)
> if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
> goto unwind;
> }
> + firsterr = rcu_torture_updown_init();
> + if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
> + goto unwind;
> nrealnocbers = nocbs_nthreads;
> if (WARN_ON(nrealnocbers < 0))
> nrealnocbers = 1;
> --
> 2.40.1
>
>

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