[PATCH 57/67] KVM: x86: Decouple device assignment from IRQ bypass

From: Sean Christopherson
Date: Fri Apr 04 2025 - 15:48:41 EST


Use a dedicated counter to track the number of IRQs that can utilize IRQ
bypass instead of piggybacking the assigned device count. As evidenced by
commit 2edd9cb79fb3 ("kvm: detect assigned device via irqbypass manager"),
it's possible for a device to be able to post IRQs to a vCPU without said
device being assigned to a VM.

Leave the calls to kvm_arch_{start,end}_assignment() alone for the moment
to avoid regressing the MMIO stale data mitigation. KVM is abusing the
assigned device count when applying mmio_stale_data_clear, and it's not at
all clear if vDPA devices rely on this behavior. This will hopefully be
cleaned up in the future, as the number of assigned devices is a terrible
heuristic for detecting if a VM has access to host MMIO.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86/include/asm/kvm-x86-ops.h | 2 +-
arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 3 ++-
arch/x86/kvm/vmx/main.c | 2 +-
arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c | 16 ++++++++++------
arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.h | 2 +-
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 12 +++++++++---
6 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm-x86-ops.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm-x86-ops.h
index 823c0434bbad..435b9b76e464 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm-x86-ops.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm-x86-ops.h
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(update_cpu_dirty_logging)
KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(vcpu_blocking)
KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(vcpu_unblocking)
KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(pi_update_irte)
-KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(pi_start_assignment)
+KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(pi_start_bypass)
KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(apicv_pre_state_restore)
KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL(apicv_post_state_restore)
KVM_X86_OP_OPTIONAL_RET0(dy_apicv_has_pending_interrupt)
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index cb98d8d3c6c2..88b842cd8959 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -1372,6 +1372,7 @@ struct kvm_arch {
atomic_t noncoherent_dma_count;
#define __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_ASSIGNED_DEVICE
atomic_t assigned_device_count;
+ unsigned long nr_possible_bypass_irqs;
struct kvm_pic *vpic;
struct kvm_ioapic *vioapic;
struct kvm_pit *vpit;
@@ -1840,7 +1841,7 @@ struct kvm_x86_ops {
unsigned int host_irq, uint32_t guest_irq,
struct kvm_kernel_irq_routing_entry *new,
struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vector);
- void (*pi_start_assignment)(struct kvm *kvm);
+ void (*pi_start_bypass)(struct kvm *kvm);
void (*apicv_pre_state_restore)(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
void (*apicv_post_state_restore)(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
bool (*dy_apicv_has_pending_interrupt)(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/main.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/main.c
index 43ee9ed11291..95371f26ce20 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/main.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/main.c
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ struct kvm_x86_ops vt_x86_ops __initdata = {
.nested_ops = &vmx_nested_ops,

.pi_update_irte = vmx_pi_update_irte,
- .pi_start_assignment = vmx_pi_start_assignment,
+ .pi_start_bypass = vmx_pi_start_bypass,

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
.set_hv_timer = vmx_set_hv_timer,
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c
index 2958b631fde8..457a5b21c9d3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c
@@ -132,8 +132,13 @@ void vmx_vcpu_pi_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int cpu)

static bool vmx_can_use_vtd_pi(struct kvm *kvm)
{
+ /*
+ * Note, reading the number of possible bypass IRQs can race with a
+ * bypass IRQ being attached to the VM. vmx_pi_start_bypass() ensures
+ * blockng vCPUs will see an elevated count or get KVM_REQ_UNBLOCK.
+ */
return irqchip_in_kernel(kvm) && kvm_arch_has_irq_bypass() &&
- kvm_arch_has_assigned_device(kvm);
+ READ_ONCE(kvm->arch.nr_possible_bypass_irqs);
}

/*
@@ -251,12 +256,11 @@ bool pi_has_pending_interrupt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)


/*
- * Bail out of the block loop if the VM has an assigned
- * device, but the blocking vCPU didn't reconfigure the
- * PI.NV to the wakeup vector, i.e. the assigned device
- * came along after the initial check in vmx_vcpu_pi_put().
+ * Kick all vCPUs when the first possible bypass IRQ is attached to a VM, as
+ * blocking vCPUs may scheduled out without reconfiguring PID.NV to the wakeup
+ * vector, i.e. if the bypass IRQ came along after vmx_vcpu_pi_put().
*/
-void vmx_pi_start_assignment(struct kvm *kvm)
+void vmx_pi_start_bypass(struct kvm *kvm)
{
if (!kvm_arch_has_irq_bypass())
return;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.h b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.h
index ee3e19e976ac..c3f12a35a7c1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ int vmx_pi_update_irte(struct kvm_kernel_irqfd *irqfd, struct kvm *kvm,
unsigned int host_irq, uint32_t guest_irq,
struct kvm_kernel_irq_routing_entry *new,
struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 vector);
-void vmx_pi_start_assignment(struct kvm *kvm);
+void vmx_pi_start_bypass(struct kvm *kvm);

static inline int pi_find_highest_vector(struct pi_desc *pi_desc)
{
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 49c3360eb4e8..fec43d6a2b63 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -13511,8 +13511,7 @@ bool kvm_arch_can_dequeue_async_page_present(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)

void kvm_arch_start_assignment(struct kvm *kvm)
{
- if (atomic_inc_return(&kvm->arch.assigned_device_count) == 1)
- kvm_x86_call(pi_start_assignment)(kvm);
+ atomic_inc(&kvm->arch.assigned_device_count);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_arch_start_assignment);

@@ -13630,10 +13629,15 @@ int kvm_arch_irq_bypass_add_producer(struct irq_bypass_consumer *cons,
spin_lock_irq(&kvm->irqfds.lock);
irqfd->producer = prod;

+ if (!kvm->arch.nr_possible_bypass_irqs++)
+ kvm_x86_call(pi_start_bypass)(kvm);
+
if (irqfd->irq_entry.type == KVM_IRQ_ROUTING_MSI) {
ret = kvm_pi_update_irte(irqfd, NULL, &irqfd->irq_entry);
- if (ret)
+ if (ret) {
+ kvm->arch.nr_possible_bypass_irqs--;
kvm_arch_end_assignment(irqfd->kvm);
+ }
}
spin_unlock_irq(&kvm->irqfds.lock);

@@ -13666,6 +13670,8 @@ void kvm_arch_irq_bypass_del_producer(struct irq_bypass_consumer *cons,
}
irqfd->producer = NULL;

+ kvm->arch.nr_possible_bypass_irqs--;
+
spin_unlock_irq(&kvm->irqfds.lock);


--
2.49.0.504.g3bcea36a83-goog