[PATCH v2 2/2] arm64/module: Use text-poke API for late relocations.

From: Dylan Hatch
Date: Fri Apr 11 2025 - 21:10:39 EST

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Previous message: Dylan Hatch: "[PATCH v2 1/2] arm64: patching: Rename aarch64_insn_copy to text_poke."
In reply to: Dylan Hatch: "[PATCH v2 1/2] arm64: patching: Rename aarch64_insn_copy to text_poke."
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To enable late module patching, livepatch modules need to be able to
apply some of their relocations well after being loaded. In this
scenario, use the text-poking API to allow this, even with
STRICT_MODULE_RWX.

This patch is largely based off commit 88fc078a7a8f6 ("x86/module: Use
text_poke() for late relocations").

Signed-off-by: Dylan Hatch <dylanbhatch@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/arm64/kernel/module.c | 129 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
1 file changed, 83 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c
index 06bb680bfe975..0703502d9dc37 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c
@@ -18,11 +18,13 @@
#include <linux/moduleloader.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/scs.h>
+#include <linux/memory.h>

#include <asm/alternative.h>
#include <asm/insn.h>
#include <asm/scs.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
+#include <asm/text-patching.h>

enum aarch64_reloc_op {
RELOC_OP_NONE,
@@ -48,7 +50,8 @@ static u64 do_reloc(enum aarch64_reloc_op reloc_op, __le32 *place, u64 val)
return 0;
}

-static int reloc_data(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, void *place, u64 val, int len)
+static int reloc_data(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, void *place, u64 val, int len,
+ void *(*write)(void *dest, const void *src, size_t len))
{
s64 sval = do_reloc(op, place, val);

@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ static int reloc_data(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, void *place, u64 val, int len)

switch (len) {
case 16:
- *(s16 *)place = sval;
+ write(place, &sval, sizeof(s16));
switch (op) {
case RELOC_OP_ABS:
if (sval < 0 || sval > U16_MAX)
@@ -82,7 +85,7 @@ static int reloc_data(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, void *place, u64 val, int len)
}
break;
case 32:
- *(s32 *)place = sval;
+ write(place, &sval, sizeof(s32));
switch (op) {
case RELOC_OP_ABS:
if (sval < 0 || sval > U32_MAX)
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ static int reloc_data(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, void *place, u64 val, int len)
}
break;
case 64:
- *(s64 *)place = sval;
+ write(place, &sval, sizeof(s64));
break;
default:
pr_err("Invalid length (%d) for data relocation\n", len);
@@ -113,11 +116,13 @@ enum aarch64_insn_movw_imm_type {
};

static int reloc_insn_movw(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, __le32 *place, u64 val,
- int lsb, enum aarch64_insn_movw_imm_type imm_type)
+ int lsb, enum aarch64_insn_movw_imm_type imm_type,
+ void *(*write)(void *dest, const void *src, size_t len))
{
u64 imm;
s64 sval;
u32 insn = le32_to_cpu(*place);
+ __le32 le_insn;

sval = do_reloc(op, place, val);
imm = sval >> lsb;
@@ -145,7 +150,8 @@ static int reloc_insn_movw(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, __le32 *place, u64 val,

/* Update the instruction with the new encoding. */
insn = aarch64_insn_encode_immediate(AARCH64_INSN_IMM_16, insn, imm);
- *place = cpu_to_le32(insn);
+ le_insn = cpu_to_le32(insn);
+ write(place, &le_insn, sizeof(le_insn));

if (imm > U16_MAX)
return -ERANGE;
@@ -154,11 +160,13 @@ static int reloc_insn_movw(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, __le32 *place, u64 val,
}

static int reloc_insn_imm(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, __le32 *place, u64 val,
- int lsb, int len, enum aarch64_insn_imm_type imm_type)
+ int lsb, int len, enum aarch64_insn_imm_type imm_type,
+ void *(*write)(void *dest, const void *src, size_t len))
{
u64 imm, imm_mask;
s64 sval;
u32 insn = le32_to_cpu(*place);
+ __le32 le_insn;

/* Calculate the relocation value. */
sval = do_reloc(op, place, val);
@@ -170,7 +178,8 @@ static int reloc_insn_imm(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, __le32 *place, u64 val,

/* Update the instruction's immediate field. */
insn = aarch64_insn_encode_immediate(imm_type, insn, imm);
- *place = cpu_to_le32(insn);
+ le_insn = cpu_to_le32(insn);
+ write(place, &le_insn, sizeof(le_insn));

/*
* Extract the upper value bits (including the sign bit) and
@@ -189,17 +198,19 @@ static int reloc_insn_imm(enum aarch64_reloc_op op, __le32 *place, u64 val,
}

static int reloc_insn_adrp(struct module *mod, Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
- __le32 *place, u64 val)
+ __le32 *place, u64 val,
+ void *(*write)(void *dest, const void *src, size_t len))
{
u32 insn;
+ __le32 le_insn;

if (!is_forbidden_offset_for_adrp(place))
return reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PAGE, place, val, 12, 21,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_ADR);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_ADR, write);

/* patch ADRP to ADR if it is in range */
if (!reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, place, val & ~0xfff, 0, 21,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_ADR)) {
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_ADR, write)) {
insn = le32_to_cpu(*place);
insn &= ~BIT(31);
} else {
@@ -211,15 +222,17 @@ static int reloc_insn_adrp(struct module *mod, Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
AARCH64_INSN_BRANCH_NOLINK);
}

- *place = cpu_to_le32(insn);
+ le_insn = cpu_to_le32(insn);
+ write(place, &le_insn, sizeof(le_insn));
return 0;
}

-int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
+static int __apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
const char *strtab,
unsigned int symindex,
unsigned int relsec,
- struct module *me)
+ struct module *me,
+ void *(*write)(void *dest, const void *src, size_t len))
{
unsigned int i;
int ovf;
@@ -255,23 +268,23 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
/* Data relocations. */
case R_AARCH64_ABS64:
overflow_check = false;
- ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 64);
+ ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 64, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_ABS32:
- ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 32);
+ ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 32, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_ABS16:
- ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 16);
+ ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 16, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_PREL64:
overflow_check = false;
- ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 64);
+ ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 64, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_PREL32:
- ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 32);
+ ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 32, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_PREL16:
- ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 16);
+ ovf = reloc_data(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 16, write);
break;

/* MOVW instruction relocations. */
@@ -280,88 +293,88 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
fallthrough;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G0:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 0,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G1_NC:
overflow_check = false;
fallthrough;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G1:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 16,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G2_NC:
overflow_check = false;
fallthrough;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G2:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 32,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G3:
/* We're using the top bits so we can't overflow. */
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 48,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G0:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 0,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G1:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 16,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G2:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 32,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G0_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 0,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G0:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 0,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G1_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 16,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G1:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 16,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G2_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 32,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVKZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G2:
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 32,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_MOVW_PREL_G3:
/* We're using the top bits so we can't overflow. */
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_movw(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 48,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_MOVNZ, write);
break;

/* Immediate instruction relocations. */
case R_AARCH64_LD_PREL_LO19:
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 2, 19,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_19);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_19, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_LO21:
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 0, 21,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_ADR);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_ADR, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21_NC:
overflow_check = false;
fallthrough;
case R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21:
- ovf = reloc_insn_adrp(me, sechdrs, loc, val);
+ ovf = reloc_insn_adrp(me, sechdrs, loc, val, write);
if (ovf && ovf != -ERANGE)
return ovf;
break;
@@ -369,46 +382,46 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
case R_AARCH64_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 0, 12,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 1, 11,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 2, 10,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 3, 9,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC:
overflow_check = false;
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_ABS, loc, val, 4, 8,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_12, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_TSTBR14:
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 2, 14,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_14);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_14, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_CONDBR19:
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 2, 19,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_19);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_19, write);
break;
case R_AARCH64_JUMP26:
case R_AARCH64_CALL26:
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 2, 26,
- AARCH64_INSN_IMM_26);
+ AARCH64_INSN_IMM_26, write);
if (ovf == -ERANGE) {
val = module_emit_plt_entry(me, sechdrs, loc, &rel[i], sym);
if (!val)
return -ENOEXEC;
ovf = reloc_insn_imm(RELOC_OP_PREL, loc, val, 2,
- 26, AARCH64_INSN_IMM_26);
+ 26, AARCH64_INSN_IMM_26, write);
}
break;

@@ -431,6 +444,30 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
return -ENOEXEC;
}

+int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
+ const char *strtab,
+ unsigned int symindex,
+ unsigned int relsec,
+ struct module *me)
+{
+ int ret;
+ bool early = me->state == MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED;
+ void *(*write)(void *, const void *, size_t) = memcpy;
+
+ if (!early) {
+ write = text_poke;
+ mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
+ }
+
+ ret = __apply_relocate_add(sechdrs, strtab, symindex, relsec, me,
+ write);
+
+ if (!early)
+ mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
static inline void __init_plt(struct plt_entry *plt, unsigned long addr)
{
*plt = get_plt_entry(addr, plt);
--
2.49.0.604.gff1f9ca942-goog

Next message: Martin K. Petersen: "Re: [PATCH v13 0/3] Support for wrapped inline encryption keys on Qualcomm SoCs"
Previous message: Dylan Hatch: "[PATCH v2 1/2] arm64: patching: Rename aarch64_insn_copy to text_poke."
In reply to: Dylan Hatch: "[PATCH v2 1/2] arm64: patching: Rename aarch64_insn_copy to text_poke."
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