[PATCH 1/1] crypto: WQ_PERCPU added to alloc_workqueue users
From: Marco Crivellari
Date: Fri Sep 05 2025 - 04:57:44 EST
Currently if a user enqueue a work item using schedule_delayed_work() the
used wq is "system_wq" (per-cpu wq) while queue_delayed_work() use
WORK_CPU_UNBOUND (used when a cpu is not specified). The same applies to
schedule_work() that is using system_wq and queue_work(), that makes use
again of WORK_CPU_UNBOUND.
This lack of consistentcy cannot be addressed without refactoring the API.
alloc_workqueue() treats all queues as per-CPU by default, while unbound
workqueues must opt-in via WQ_UNBOUND.
This default is suboptimal: most workloads benefit from unbound queues,
allowing the scheduler to place worker threads where they’re needed and
reducing noise when CPUs are isolated.
This default is suboptimal: most workloads benefit from unbound queues,
allowing the scheduler to place worker threads where they’re needed and
reducing noise when CPUs are isolated.
This patch adds a new WQ_PERCPU flag to explicitly request the use of
the per-CPU behavior. Both flags coexist for one release cycle to allow
callers to transition their calls.
Once migration is complete, WQ_UNBOUND can be removed and unbound will
become the implicit default.
With the introduction of the WQ_PERCPU flag (equivalent to !WQ_UNBOUND),
any alloc_workqueue() caller that doesn’t explicitly specify WQ_UNBOUND
must now use WQ_PERCPU.
All existing users have been updated accordingly.
Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Marco Crivellari <marco.crivellari@xxxxxxxx>
---
crypto/cryptd.c | 3 ++-
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/crypto/cryptd.c b/crypto/cryptd.c
index 31d022d47f7a..eaf970086f8d 100644
--- a/crypto/cryptd.c
+++ b/crypto/cryptd.c
@@ -1109,7 +1109,8 @@ static int __init cryptd_init(void)
{
int err;
- cryptd_wq = alloc_workqueue("cryptd", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM | WQ_CPU_INTENSIVE,
+ cryptd_wq = alloc_workqueue("cryptd",
+ WQ_MEM_RECLAIM | WQ_CPU_INTENSIVE | WQ_PERCPU,
1);
if (!cryptd_wq)
return -ENOMEM;
--
2.51.0