[PATCH v2] memblock: fix memblock_estimated_nr_free_pages() for soft-reserved memory

From: Akinobu Mita

Date: Mon Nov 10 2025 - 20:01:38 EST


memblock_estimated_nr_free_pages() returns the difference between the total
size of the "memory" memblock type and the "reserved" memblock type.

The "soft-reserved" memory regions are added to the "reserved" memblock
type, but not to the "memory" memblock type. Therefore,
memblock_estimated_nr_free_pages() may return a smaller value than
expected, or if it underflows, an extremely large value.

/proc/sys/kernel/threads-max is determined by the value of
memblock_estimated_nr_free_pages(). This issue was discovered on machines
with CXL memory because kernel.threads-max was either smaller than expected
or extremely large for the installed DRAM size.

This fixes the issue by replacing memblock_reserved_size() with
memblock_reserved_kern_size() that tells how much memory was
reserved from the actual RAM.

Suggested-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@xxxxxxxxx>
---
v2: instead of subtracting only the overlapping size,
replace memblock_reserved_size() with memblock_reserved_kern_size()

mm/memblock.c | 3 ++-
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/mm/memblock.c b/mm/memblock.c
index c7869860e659..905d06b16348 100644
--- a/mm/memblock.c
+++ b/mm/memblock.c
@@ -1826,7 +1826,8 @@ phys_addr_t __init_memblock memblock_reserved_kern_size(phys_addr_t limit, int n
*/
unsigned long __init memblock_estimated_nr_free_pages(void)
{
- return PHYS_PFN(memblock_phys_mem_size() - memblock_reserved_size());
+ return PHYS_PFN(memblock_phys_mem_size() -
+ memblock_reserved_kern_size(MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE, NUMA_NO_NODE));
}

/* lowest address */
--
2.43.0