[PATCH v2 3/6] bpf: add bpf_list_add_impl to insert node after a given list node

From: Chengkaitao

Date: Wed Feb 25 2026 - 04:39:23 EST


From: Kaitao Cheng <chengkaitao@xxxxxxxxxx>

Add a new kfunc bpf_list_add_impl(prev, node, meta, off) that inserts
'node' after 'prev' in the BPF linked list. Both must be in the same
list; 'prev' must already be in the list. The new node must be an
owning reference (e.g. from bpf_obj_new); the kfunc consumes that
reference and the node becomes non-owning once inserted.

Returns 0 on success, -EINVAL if prev is not in a list or node is
already in a list (or duplicate insertion). On failure, the kernel
drops the passed-in node.

Signed-off-by: Kaitao Cheng <chengkaitao@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
kernel/bpf/helpers.c | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 10 ++++++++--
2 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/helpers.c b/kernel/bpf/helpers.c
index 577af62a9f7a..d212962d4ed6 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/helpers.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/helpers.c
@@ -2495,6 +2495,39 @@ __bpf_kfunc struct bpf_list_node *bpf_list_back(struct bpf_list_head *head)
return (struct bpf_list_node *)h->prev;
}

+static int __bpf_list_add_after(struct bpf_list_node_kern *prev,
+ struct bpf_list_node_kern *node,
+ struct btf_record *rec, u64 off)
+{
+ struct bpf_list_head *head;
+ struct list_head *n = &node->list_head, *p = &prev->list_head;
+
+ head = READ_ONCE(prev->owner);
+ if (unlikely(!head))
+ goto fail;
+
+ if (cmpxchg(&node->owner, NULL, BPF_PTR_POISON))
+ goto fail;
+
+ list_add(n, p);
+ WRITE_ONCE(node->owner, head);
+ return 0;
+
+fail:
+ __bpf_obj_drop_impl((void *)n - off, rec, false);
+ return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+__bpf_kfunc int bpf_list_add_impl(struct bpf_list_node *prev,
+ struct bpf_list_node *node,
+ void *meta__ign, u64 off)
+{
+ struct bpf_list_node_kern *n = (void *)node, *p = (void *)prev;
+ struct btf_struct_meta *meta = meta__ign;
+
+ return __bpf_list_add_after(p, n, meta ? meta->record : NULL, off);
+}
+
__bpf_kfunc struct bpf_rb_node *bpf_rbtree_remove(struct bpf_rb_root *root,
struct bpf_rb_node *node)
{
@@ -4564,6 +4597,7 @@ BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_list_pop_back, KF_ACQUIRE | KF_RET_NULL)
BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_list_del, KF_ACQUIRE | KF_RET_NULL)
BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_list_front, KF_RET_NULL)
BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_list_back, KF_RET_NULL)
+BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_list_add_impl)
BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_task_acquire, KF_ACQUIRE | KF_RCU | KF_RET_NULL)
BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_task_release, KF_RELEASE)
BTF_ID_FLAGS(func, bpf_rbtree_remove, KF_ACQUIRE | KF_RET_NULL)
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
index 1e9857177a7a..923deb73683b 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c
@@ -12434,6 +12434,7 @@ enum special_kfunc_type {
KF_bpf_list_del,
KF_bpf_list_front,
KF_bpf_list_back,
+ KF_bpf_list_add_impl,
KF_bpf_cast_to_kern_ctx,
KF_bpf_rdonly_cast,
KF_bpf_rcu_read_lock,
@@ -12495,6 +12496,7 @@ BTF_ID(func, bpf_list_pop_back)
BTF_ID(func, bpf_list_del)
BTF_ID(func, bpf_list_front)
BTF_ID(func, bpf_list_back)
+BTF_ID(func, bpf_list_add_impl)
BTF_ID(func, bpf_cast_to_kern_ctx)
BTF_ID(func, bpf_rdonly_cast)
BTF_ID(func, bpf_rcu_read_lock)
@@ -12970,7 +12972,8 @@ static bool is_bpf_list_api_kfunc(u32 btf_id)
btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_pop_back] ||
btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_del] ||
btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_front] ||
- btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_back];
+ btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_back] ||
+ btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_add_impl];
}

static bool is_bpf_rbtree_api_kfunc(u32 btf_id)
@@ -13092,7 +13095,8 @@ static bool check_kfunc_is_graph_node_api(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
case BPF_LIST_NODE:
ret = (kfunc_btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_push_front_impl] ||
kfunc_btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_push_back_impl] ||
- kfunc_btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_del]);
+ kfunc_btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_del] ||
+ kfunc_btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_add_impl]);
break;
case BPF_RB_NODE:
ret = (kfunc_btf_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_rbtree_remove] ||
@@ -14237,6 +14241,7 @@ static int check_kfunc_call(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_insn *insn,

if (meta.func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_push_front_impl] ||
meta.func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_push_back_impl] ||
+ meta.func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_add_impl] ||
meta.func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_rbtree_add_impl]) {
release_ref_obj_id = regs[BPF_REG_2].ref_obj_id;
insn_aux->insert_off = regs[BPF_REG_2].off;
@@ -23203,6 +23208,7 @@ static int fixup_kfunc_call(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_insn *insn,
*cnt = 3;
} else if (desc->func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_push_back_impl] ||
desc->func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_push_front_impl] ||
+ desc->func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_list_add_impl] ||
desc->func_id == special_kfunc_list[KF_bpf_rbtree_add_impl]) {
struct btf_struct_meta *kptr_struct_meta = env->insn_aux_data[insn_idx].kptr_struct_meta;
int struct_meta_reg = BPF_REG_3;
--
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)