[PATCH 02/13] libmultipath: Add basic gendisk support

From: John Garry

Date: Wed Feb 25 2026 - 10:34:14 EST


Add support to allocate and free a multipath gendisk.

NVMe has almost like-for-like equivalents here:
- mpath_alloc_head_disk() -> nvme_mpath_alloc_disk()
- multipath_partition_scan_work() -> nvme_partition_scan_work()
- mpath_remove_disk() -> nvme_remove_head()
- mpath_device_set_live() -> nvme_mpath_set_live()

struct mpath_head_template is introduced as a method for drivers to
provide custom multipath functionality.

Signed-off-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
include/linux/multipath.h | 41 ++++++++++++
lib/multipath.c | 129 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 170 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/multipath.h b/include/linux/multipath.h
index 18cd133b7ca21..be9dd9fb83345 100644
--- a/include/linux/multipath.h
+++ b/include/linux/multipath.h
@@ -5,11 +5,28 @@
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/srcu.h>

+extern const struct block_device_operations mpath_ops;
+
+struct mpath_disk {
+ struct gendisk *disk;
+ struct kref ref;
+ struct work_struct partition_scan_work;
+ struct mutex lock;
+ struct mpath_head *mpath_head;
+ struct device *parent;
+};
+
struct mpath_device {
struct list_head siblings;
struct gendisk *disk;
};

+struct mpath_head_template {
+ const struct attribute_group **device_groups;
+};
+
+#define MPATH_HEAD_DISK_LIVE 0
+
struct mpath_head {
struct srcu_struct srcu;
struct list_head dev_list; /* list of all mpath_devs */
@@ -17,12 +34,36 @@ struct mpath_head {

struct kref ref;

+ unsigned long flags;
struct mpath_device __rcu *current_path[MAX_NUMNODES];
+ const struct mpath_head_template *mpdt;
void *drvdata;
};

+static inline struct mpath_disk *mpath_bd_device_to_disk(struct device *dev)
+{
+ return dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+}
+
+static inline struct mpath_disk *mpath_gendisk_to_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+ return mpath_bd_device_to_disk(disk_to_dev(disk));
+}
+
int mpath_get_head(struct mpath_head *mpath_head);
void mpath_put_head(struct mpath_head *mpath_head);
struct mpath_head *mpath_alloc_head(void);
+void mpath_put_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk);
+void mpath_remove_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk);
+void mpath_unregister_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk);
+struct mpath_disk *mpath_alloc_head_disk(struct queue_limits *lim,
+ int numa_node);
+void mpath_device_set_live(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk,
+ struct mpath_device *mpath_device);
+void mpath_unregister_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk);

+static inline bool is_mpath_head(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+ return disk->fops == &mpath_ops;
+}
#endif // _LIBMULTIPATH_H
diff --git a/lib/multipath.c b/lib/multipath.c
index 15c495675d729..88efb0ae16acb 100644
--- a/lib/multipath.c
+++ b/lib/multipath.c
@@ -32,6 +32,135 @@ void mpath_put_head(struct mpath_head *mpath_head)
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_put_head);

+static void mpath_free_disk(struct kref *ref)
+{
+ struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk =
+ container_of(ref, struct mpath_disk, ref);
+ struct mpath_head *mpath_head = mpath_disk->mpath_head;
+
+ put_disk(mpath_disk->disk);
+ mpath_put_head(mpath_head);
+ kfree(mpath_disk);
+}
+
+void mpath_put_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk)
+{
+ kref_put(&mpath_disk->ref, mpath_free_disk);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_put_disk);
+
+static int mpath_get_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk)
+{
+ if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&mpath_disk->ref)) {
+ return -ENXIO;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int mpath_bdev_open(struct gendisk *disk, blk_mode_t mode)
+{
+ struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk = disk->private_data;
+
+ return mpath_get_disk(mpath_disk);
+}
+
+static void mpath_bdev_release(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+ struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk = disk->private_data;
+
+ mpath_put_disk(mpath_disk);
+}
+
+const struct block_device_operations mpath_ops = {
+ .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+ .open = mpath_bdev_open,
+ .release = mpath_bdev_release,
+};
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_ops);
+
+static void multipath_partition_scan_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk =
+ container_of(work, struct mpath_disk, partition_scan_work);
+
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!test_and_clear_bit(GD_SUPPRESS_PART_SCAN,
+ &mpath_disk->disk->state)))
+ return;
+
+ mutex_lock(&mpath_disk->disk->open_mutex);
+ bdev_disk_changed(mpath_disk->disk, false);
+ mutex_unlock(&mpath_disk->disk->open_mutex);
+}
+
+void mpath_remove_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk)
+{
+ struct mpath_head *mpath_head = mpath_disk->mpath_head;
+
+ if (test_and_clear_bit(MPATH_HEAD_DISK_LIVE, &mpath_head->flags)) {
+ struct gendisk *disk = mpath_disk->disk;
+
+ del_gendisk(disk);
+ }
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_remove_disk);
+
+void mpath_unregister_disk(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk)
+{
+ mpath_remove_disk(mpath_disk);
+ mpath_put_disk(mpath_disk);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_unregister_disk);
+
+struct mpath_disk *mpath_alloc_head_disk(struct queue_limits *lim, int numa_node)
+{
+ struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk;
+
+ mpath_disk = kzalloc(sizeof(*mpath_disk), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!mpath_disk)
+ return NULL;
+
+ INIT_WORK(&mpath_disk->partition_scan_work,
+ multipath_partition_scan_work);
+ mutex_init(&mpath_disk->lock);
+ kref_init(&mpath_disk->ref);
+
+ mpath_disk->disk = blk_alloc_disk(lim, numa_node);
+ if (IS_ERR(mpath_disk->disk)) {
+ kfree(mpath_disk);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ mpath_disk->disk->private_data = mpath_disk;
+ mpath_disk->disk->fops = &mpath_ops;
+
+ set_bit(GD_SUPPRESS_PART_SCAN, &mpath_disk->disk->state);
+
+ return mpath_disk;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_alloc_head_disk);
+
+void mpath_device_set_live(struct mpath_disk *mpath_disk,
+ struct mpath_device *mpath_device)
+{
+ struct mpath_head *mpath_head = mpath_disk->mpath_head;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!mpath_disk)
+ return;
+
+ if (!test_and_set_bit(MPATH_HEAD_DISK_LIVE, &mpath_head->flags)) {
+ dev_set_drvdata(disk_to_dev(mpath_disk->disk), mpath_disk);
+ ret = device_add_disk(mpath_disk->parent, mpath_disk->disk,
+ mpath_head->mpdt->device_groups);
+ if (ret) {
+ clear_bit(MPATH_HEAD_DISK_LIVE, &mpath_head->flags);
+ return;
+ }
+ queue_work(mpath_wq, &mpath_disk->partition_scan_work);
+ }
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mpath_device_set_live);
+
struct mpath_head *mpath_alloc_head(void)
{
struct mpath_head *mpath_head;
--
2.43.5