Re: [PATCH] tracing: Fix WARN_ON in tracing_buffers_mmap_close

[Vincent Donnefort]

On Fri, Feb 27, 2026 at 10:58:42AM +0800, Qing Wang wrote:
> When a process forks, the child process copies the parent's VMAs but the
> user_mapped reference count is not incremented. As a result, when both the
> parent and child processes exit, tracing_buffers_mmap_close() is called
> twice. On the second call, user_mapped is already 0, causing the function to
> return -ENODEV and triggering a WARN_ON.
> 
> Fix it by incrementing the user_mapped reference count without re-mapping
> the pages in the VMA's open callback.

Hum, not sure this is entirely correct. We do set VM_DONTCOPY when creating the
mapping (see __rb_map_vma). So AFAICT ->open() is not called in this situation (see
dup_mmap())

> 
> Fixes: cf9f0f7c4c5bb ("tracing: Allow user-space mapping of the ring-buffer")
> Reported-by: syzbot+3b5dd2030fe08afdf65d@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=3b5dd2030fe08afdf65d
> Tested-by: syzbot+3b5dd2030fe08afdf65d@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Signed-off-by: Qing Wang <wangqing7171@xxxxxxxxx>
> ---
>  include/linux/ring_buffer.h |  1 +
>  kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c  | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
>  kernel/trace/trace.c        | 13 +++++++++++++
>  3 files changed, 35 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/ring_buffer.h b/include/linux/ring_buffer.h
> index 876358cfe1b1..d862fa610270 100644
> --- a/include/linux/ring_buffer.h
> +++ b/include/linux/ring_buffer.h
> @@ -248,6 +248,7 @@ int trace_rb_cpu_prepare(unsigned int cpu, struct hlist_node *node);
>  
>  int ring_buffer_map(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu,
>  		    struct vm_area_struct *vma);
> +void ring_buffer_map_dup(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu);
>  int ring_buffer_unmap(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu);
>  int ring_buffer_map_get_reader(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu);
>  #endif /* _LINUX_RING_BUFFER_H */
> diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
> index f16f053ef77d..17d0ea0cc3e6 100644
> --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
> +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
> @@ -7310,6 +7310,27 @@ int ring_buffer_map(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu,
>  	return err;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * This is called when a VMA is duplicated (e.g., on fork()) to increment
> + * the user_mapped counter without remapping pages.
> + */
> +void ring_buffer_map_dup(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu)
> +{
> +	struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer;
> +
> +	if (WARN_ON(!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, buffer->cpumask)))
> +		return;
> +
> +	cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu];
> +
> +	guard(mutex)(&cpu_buffer->mapping_lock);
> +
> +	if (cpu_buffer->user_mapped)
> +		__rb_inc_dec_mapped(cpu_buffer, true);
> +	else
> +		WARN(1, "Unexpected buffer stat, it should be mapped");
> +}
> +
>  int ring_buffer_unmap(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int cpu)
>  {
>  	struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer;
> diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace.c b/kernel/trace/trace.c
> index 23de3719f495..1e7c032a72d2 100644
> --- a/kernel/trace/trace.c
> +++ b/kernel/trace/trace.c
> @@ -8213,6 +8213,18 @@ static inline int get_snapshot_map(struct trace_array *tr) { return 0; }
>  static inline void put_snapshot_map(struct trace_array *tr) { }
>  #endif
>  
> +/*
> + * This is called when a VMA is duplicated (e.g., on fork()) to increment
> + * the user_mapped counter without remapping pages.
> + */
> +static void tracing_buffers_mmap_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
> +{
> +	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = vma->vm_file->private_data;
> +	struct trace_iterator *iter = &info->iter;
> +
> +	ring_buffer_map_dup(iter->array_buffer->buffer, iter->cpu_file);
> +}
> +
>  static void tracing_buffers_mmap_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
>  {
>  	struct ftrace_buffer_info *info = vma->vm_file->private_data;
> @@ -8232,6 +8244,7 @@ static int tracing_buffers_may_split(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long a
>  }
>  
>  static const struct vm_operations_struct tracing_buffers_vmops = {
> +	.open		= tracing_buffers_mmap_open,
>  	.close		= tracing_buffers_mmap_close,
>  	.may_split      = tracing_buffers_may_split,
>  };
> -- 
> 2.34.1
>