[PATCH v9 06/19] drm/i915: Implement the "color format" DRM property

From: Nicolas Frattaroli

Date: Fri Feb 27 2026 - 14:22:37 EST


This includes RGB, YUV420, YUV444 and Auto. Auto will pick RGB, unless
the mode being asked for is YUV420-only, in which case it picks YUV420.

Should the explicitly requested color format not be supported by the
sink, then an error is returned to userspace, so that it can make a
better choice.

Co-developed-by: Werner Sembach <wse@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Werner Sembach <wse@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Co-developed-by: Andri Yngvason <andri@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Andri Yngvason <andri@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Co-developed-by: Marius Vlad <marius.vlad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Marius Vlad <marius.vlad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Frattaroli <nicolas.frattaroli@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.c | 11 ++++
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.h | 1 +
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.c | 71 ++++++++++++++++++++-----
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.h | 4 ++
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp_mst.c | 55 +++++++++++++++++++-
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_hdmi.c | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++------
6 files changed, 185 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.c
index 7ef9338d67ab..fb443aa7e0c0 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.c
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@
#include "intel_hdcp.h"
#include "intel_panel.h"

+static const u32 supported_colorformats = BIT(DRM_OUTPUT_COLOR_FORMAT_RGB444) |
+ BIT(DRM_OUTPUT_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444) |
+ BIT(DRM_OUTPUT_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420);
+
static void intel_connector_modeset_retry_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
{
struct intel_connector *connector = container_of(work, typeof(*connector),
@@ -321,6 +325,13 @@ intel_attach_dp_colorspace_property(struct drm_connector *connector)
drm_connector_attach_colorspace_property(connector);
}

+void
+intel_attach_colorformat_property(struct drm_connector *connector)
+{
+ if (!drm_mode_create_color_format_property(connector, supported_colorformats))
+ drm_connector_attach_color_format_property(connector);
+}
+
void
intel_attach_scaling_mode_property(struct drm_connector *connector)
{
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.h
index 0aa86626e646..fe6149d1d559 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_connector.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ void intel_attach_broadcast_rgb_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
void intel_attach_aspect_ratio_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
void intel_attach_hdmi_colorspace_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
void intel_attach_dp_colorspace_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
+void intel_attach_colorformat_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
void intel_attach_scaling_mode_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
void intel_connector_queue_modeset_retry_work(struct intel_connector *connector);
void intel_connector_cancel_modeset_retry_work(struct intel_connector *connector);
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.c
index 025e906b63a9..926df8b56a67 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.c
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ dfp_can_convert(struct intel_dp *intel_dp,
return false;
}

-static enum intel_output_format
+enum intel_output_format
intel_dp_output_format(struct intel_connector *connector,
enum intel_output_format sink_format)
{
@@ -3324,17 +3324,24 @@ intel_dp_compute_output_format(struct intel_encoder *encoder,
struct intel_connector *connector = intel_dp->attached_connector;
const struct drm_display_info *info = &connector->base.display_info;
const struct drm_display_mode *adjusted_mode = &crtc_state->hw.adjusted_mode;
- bool ycbcr_420_only;
+ enum drm_connector_color_format actual_format;
int ret;

- ycbcr_420_only = drm_mode_is_420_only(info, adjusted_mode);
+ if ((conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420 &&
+ drm_mode_is_420(info, adjusted_mode)) ||
+ (conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_AUTO &&
+ drm_mode_is_420_only(info, adjusted_mode)))
+ crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
+ else if (conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444)
+ crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR444;
+ else
+ crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB;

- if (ycbcr_420_only && !connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed) {
+ if (crtc_state->sink_format == INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420 &&
+ !connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed) {
drm_dbg_kms(display->drm,
- "YCbCr 4:2:0 mode but YCbCr 4:2:0 output not possible. Falling back to RGB.\n");
- crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB;
- } else {
- crtc_state->sink_format = intel_dp_sink_format(connector, adjusted_mode);
+ "YCbCr 4:2:0 mode requested but unsupported by connector.\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
}

crtc_state->output_format = intel_dp_output_format(connector, crtc_state->sink_format);
@@ -3342,9 +3349,20 @@ intel_dp_compute_output_format(struct intel_encoder *encoder,
ret = intel_dp_compute_link_config(encoder, crtc_state, conn_state,
respect_downstream_limits);
if (ret) {
- if (crtc_state->sink_format == INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420 ||
- !connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed ||
- !drm_mode_is_420_also(info, adjusted_mode))
+ /*
+ * If no valid link config can be found due to bandwidth constraints,
+ * degrade from RGB/YCbCr 4:4:4 to YCbCr 4:2:0 if permitted by
+ * the source and sink.
+ */
+ if (!connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed)
+ return ret;
+ /* No point in trying YCbCr420 a second time. */
+ if (crtc_state->sink_format == INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420)
+ return ret;
+ if (!drm_mode_is_420(info, adjusted_mode))
+ return ret;
+ /* If a non-AUTO color format is chosen, don't fall back. */
+ if (conn_state->color_format)
return ret;

crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
@@ -3352,9 +3370,36 @@ intel_dp_compute_output_format(struct intel_encoder *encoder,
crtc_state->sink_format);
ret = intel_dp_compute_link_config(encoder, crtc_state, conn_state,
respect_downstream_limits);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
}

- return ret;
+ if (conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_AUTO)
+ return 0;
+
+ switch (crtc_state->sink_format) {
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB:
+ actual_format = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_RGB444;
+ break;
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR444:
+ actual_format = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444;
+ break;
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420:
+ actual_format = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
+ break;
+ default:
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm, "Intel format %d has no connector equivalent\n",
+ crtc_state->sink_format);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (actual_format != conn_state->color_format) {
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm, "Requested connector color format %d, got %d\n",
+ conn_state->color_format, actual_format);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
}

void
@@ -6828,6 +6873,8 @@ intel_dp_add_properties(struct intel_dp *intel_dp, struct drm_connector *_connec
intel_attach_dp_colorspace_property(&connector->base);
}

+ intel_attach_colorformat_property(&connector->base);
+
if (intel_dp_has_gamut_metadata_dip(&dp_to_dig_port(intel_dp)->base))
drm_connector_attach_hdr_output_metadata_property(&connector->base);

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.h
index b0bbd5981f57..ebc63156e73f 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.h
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp.h
@@ -203,6 +203,10 @@ bool intel_dp_compute_config_limits(struct intel_dp *intel_dp,
void intel_dp_get_dsc_sink_cap(u8 dpcd_rev,
const struct drm_dp_desc *desc, bool is_branch,
struct intel_connector *connector);
+enum intel_output_format
+intel_dp_output_format(struct intel_connector *connector,
+ enum intel_output_format sink_format);
+
bool intel_dp_has_gamut_metadata_dip(struct intel_encoder *encoder);

bool intel_dp_link_params_valid(struct intel_dp *intel_dp, int link_rate,
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp_mst.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp_mst.c
index fb5396a46d1b..5c95d718b5b3 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp_mst.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_dp_mst.c
@@ -702,10 +702,13 @@ static int mst_stream_compute_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder,
struct intel_atomic_state *state = to_intel_atomic_state(conn_state->state);
struct intel_crtc *crtc = to_intel_crtc(pipe_config->uapi.crtc);
struct intel_dp *intel_dp = to_primary_dp(encoder);
+ enum drm_connector_color_format actual_format;
struct intel_connector *connector =
to_intel_connector(conn_state->connector);
const struct drm_display_mode *adjusted_mode =
&pipe_config->hw.adjusted_mode;
+ const struct drm_display_info *info =
+ &connector->base.display_info;
int num_joined_pipes;
int ret = -EINVAL;

@@ -716,10 +719,53 @@ static int mst_stream_compute_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder,
if (adjusted_mode->flags & DRM_MODE_FLAG_DBLSCAN)
return -EINVAL;

- pipe_config->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB;
- pipe_config->output_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB;
+ if ((conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420 &&
+ drm_mode_is_420(info, adjusted_mode)) ||
+ (conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_AUTO &&
+ drm_mode_is_420_only(info, adjusted_mode))) {
+ pipe_config->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
+ } else if (conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444) {
+ pipe_config->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR444;
+ } else if (conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_AUTO ||
+ conn_state->color_format == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_RGB444) {
+ pipe_config->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB;
+ } else {
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm, "Requested format %d unsupported.\n",
+ conn_state->color_format);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (pipe_config->sink_format == INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420 &&
+ !connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed) {
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm,
+ "YCbCr 4:2:0 mode requested but unsupported by connector.\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ pipe_config->output_format = intel_dp_output_format(connector, pipe_config->sink_format);
pipe_config->has_pch_encoder = false;

+ /* Validate that the right format was picked if explicitly requested */
+ if (conn_state->color_format != DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_AUTO) {
+ switch (pipe_config->output_format) {
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB:
+ actual_format = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_RGB444;
+ break;
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR444:
+ actual_format = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444;
+ break;
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420:
+ actual_format = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (actual_format != conn_state->color_format) {
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm, "Requested connector color format %d, got %d\n",
+ conn_state->color_format, actual_format);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }
+
for_each_joiner_candidate(connector, adjusted_mode, num_joined_pipes) {
if (num_joined_pipes > 1)
pipe_config->joiner_pipes = GENMASK(crtc->pipe + num_joined_pipes - 1,
@@ -1690,6 +1736,11 @@ static int mst_topology_add_connector_properties(struct intel_dp *intel_dp,
if (connector->base.max_bpc_property)
drm_connector_attach_max_bpc_property(&connector->base, 6, 12);

+ connector->base.color_format_property =
+ intel_dp->attached_connector->base.color_format_property;
+ if (connector->base.color_format_property)
+ intel_attach_colorformat_property(&connector->base);
+
return drm_connector_set_path_property(&connector->base, pathprop);
}

diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_hdmi.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_hdmi.c
index 05e898d10a2b..6b685d9a458e 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_hdmi.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_hdmi.c
@@ -2270,33 +2270,73 @@ static int intel_hdmi_compute_output_format(struct intel_encoder *encoder,
struct intel_connector *connector = to_intel_connector(conn_state->connector);
const struct drm_display_mode *adjusted_mode = &crtc_state->hw.adjusted_mode;
const struct drm_display_info *info = &connector->base.display_info;
- bool ycbcr_420_only = drm_mode_is_420_only(info, adjusted_mode);
+ enum drm_connector_color_format req_fmt = conn_state->color_format;
+ enum drm_connector_color_format actual_fmt;
int ret;

- crtc_state->sink_format =
- intel_hdmi_sink_format(crtc_state, connector, ycbcr_420_only);
-
- if (ycbcr_420_only && crtc_state->sink_format != INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420) {
- drm_dbg_kms(display->drm,
- "YCbCr 4:2:0 mode but YCbCr 4:2:0 output not possible. Falling back to RGB.\n");
- crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB;
- }
+ if (!req_fmt)
+ crtc_state->sink_format =
+ intel_hdmi_sink_format(crtc_state, connector,
+ drm_mode_is_420_only(info, adjusted_mode));
+ else if (req_fmt == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444)
+ crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR444;
+ else
+ crtc_state->sink_format =
+ intel_hdmi_sink_format(crtc_state, connector,
+ req_fmt == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420);

crtc_state->output_format = intel_hdmi_output_format(crtc_state);
ret = intel_hdmi_compute_clock(encoder, crtc_state, respect_downstream_limits);
if (ret) {
- if (crtc_state->sink_format == INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420 ||
- !crtc_state->has_hdmi_sink ||
- !connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed ||
- !drm_mode_is_420_also(info, adjusted_mode))
+ /*
+ * If no valid link config can be found due to bandwidth constraints,
+ * degrade from RGB/YCbCr 4:4:4 to YCbCr 4:2:0 if permitted by
+ * the source and sink.
+ */
+ if (!connector->base.ycbcr_420_allowed)
+ return ret;
+ /* No point in trying YCbCr420 a second time. */
+ if (crtc_state->sink_format == INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420)
+ return ret;
+ if (!drm_mode_is_420(info, adjusted_mode))
+ return ret;
+ /* If a non-AUTO color format is chosen, don't fall back. */
+ if (req_fmt)
return ret;

crtc_state->sink_format = INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
crtc_state->output_format = intel_hdmi_output_format(crtc_state);
ret = intel_hdmi_compute_clock(encoder, crtc_state, respect_downstream_limits);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
}

- return ret;
+ if (req_fmt == DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_AUTO)
+ return 0;
+
+ switch (crtc_state->sink_format) {
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_RGB:
+ actual_fmt = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_RGB444;
+ break;
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR444:
+ actual_fmt = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444;
+ break;
+ case INTEL_OUTPUT_FORMAT_YCBCR420:
+ actual_fmt = DRM_CONNECTOR_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420;
+ break;
+ default:
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm, "Intel format %d has no connector equivalent\n",
+ crtc_state->sink_format);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (req_fmt != actual_fmt) {
+ drm_dbg_kms(display->drm, "Requested connector color format %d, got %d\n",
+ req_fmt, actual_fmt);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
}

static bool intel_hdmi_is_cloned(const struct intel_crtc_state *crtc_state)
@@ -2689,8 +2729,10 @@ intel_hdmi_add_properties(struct intel_hdmi *intel_hdmi, struct drm_connector *_
if (DISPLAY_VER(display) >= 10)
drm_connector_attach_hdr_output_metadata_property(&connector->base);

- if (!HAS_GMCH(display))
+ if (!HAS_GMCH(display)) {
drm_connector_attach_max_bpc_property(&connector->base, 8, 12);
+ intel_attach_colorformat_property(&connector->base);
+ }
}

/*

--
2.53.0