Re: [PATCH v3 1/2] usb: xhci-pci: add generic auxiliary device interface

From: Jihong Min

Date: Fri May 08 2026 - 03:11:48 EST


Hi Mathias,

I tried the xhci-pci-prom21.c approach you suggested, with a PROM21-specific
PCI glue driver calling xhci_pci_common_probe() and creating the auxiliary
hwmon child device from that driver.

While doing that I noticed a possible boot-time regression with the module
case.

If CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PCI=y and CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PCI_PROM21=m, then generic
xhci-pci sees CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PCI_PROM21 as enabled and refuses the PROM21
PCI ID:

    if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PCI_PROM21) &&
        pci_match_id(pci_ids_prom21, dev))
            return -ENODEV;

That means the PROM21 xHCI controller is handled only by
xhci-pci-prom21.ko. If that module is not present in the initramfs or is not
loaded early enough, the PROM21 xHCI controller remains unbound during early
boot. Devices behind that controller, such as a USB keyboard used for early
boot or disk unlock, would not work even though the generic xhci-pci driver is
built in and could otherwise operate the controller.

This seems different from the Renesas case, where the separate PCI driver is
needed for controller-specific firmware handling. For PROM21, the USB/xHCI
operation itself is still generic; the only extra function is publishing an
optional hwmon child device.

So I am not sure what the preferred direction should be:

  1. Keep the separate xhci-pci-prom21.c PCI glue driver and make
     USB_XHCI_PCI_PROM21 built-in only, or otherwise constrain the Kconfig so
     the generic xhci-pci handoff cannot break early boot.

  2. Keep PROM21 handled by generic xhci-pci and add only a small
     PROM21-specific auxiliary-device creation hook in xhci-pci after the
     common probe succeeds. In that model, failure to create the optional hwmon
     auxiliary device would not affect USB operation.

  3. Some other split that keeps PROM21-specific sensor code outside
     xhci-pci, but does not prevent generic xhci-pci from binding the
     controller when the optional PROM21 glue is not available early.

Do you still prefer the separate xhci-pci-prom21.c PCI driver for this case,
or would the minimal xhci-pci auxiliary-device hook be more appropriate given
the built-in xhci-pci / modular PROM21 glue case?

Sincerely,
Jihong Min

On 5/7/26 18:31, Mathias Nyman wrote:
On 5/7/26 06:31, Jihong Min wrote:
Some xHCI PCI controllers expose controller-specific functionality that is
not part of generic xHCI operation and is better handled by optional child
drivers in other subsystems. Add a small auxiliary device registration path
for selected xHCI PCI controllers.

The initial PCI ID match table lists AMD Promontory 21 (PROM21) 1022:43fd
controllers. For matching controllers, xhci-pci creates an auxiliary
device and stores it in devres so the remove path destroys it before HCD
teardown.

Subsystem-specific child drivers can then bind to those devices through
the auxiliary bus and keep their hardware-specific logic outside xhci-pci.

Assisted-by: Codex:gpt-5.5
Signed-off-by: Jihong Min <hurryman2212@xxxxxxxxx>
---
  drivers/usb/host/Kconfig    | 10 +++++
  drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c | 83 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  2 files changed, 93 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/Kconfig b/drivers/usb/host/Kconfig
index 0a277a07cf70..e0c2c7ac5c97 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/Kconfig
@@ -42,6 +42,16 @@ config USB_XHCI_PCI
      depends on USB_PCI
      default y
  +config USB_XHCI_PCI_AUXDEV
+    bool "xHCI PCI auxiliary device support"
+    depends on USB_XHCI_PCI
+    select AUXILIARY_BUS
+    help
+      This enables xHCI PCI support for registering auxiliary devices
+      for selected controllers. It is used by optional child drivers
+      that bind to xHCI PCI controller-specific functionality through
+      the auxiliary bus.
+
  config USB_XHCI_PCI_RENESAS
      tristate "Support for additional Renesas xHCI controller with firmware"
      depends on USB_XHCI_PCI
diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c b/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c
index 585b2f3117b0..618d6840e108 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/xhci-pci.c
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
   * Some code borrowed from the Linux EHCI driver.
   */
  +#include <linux/auxiliary_bus.h>
+#include <linux/device/devres.h>
  #include <linux/pci.h>
  #include <linux/slab.h>
  #include <linux/module.h>
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@
  #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_RAVEN_15E1_XHCI        0x15e1
  #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_RAVEN2_XHCI            0x15e5
  #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_RENOIR_XHCI            0x1639
+#define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_PROM21_XHCI            0x43fd
  #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_PROMONTORYA_4            0x43b9
  #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_PROMONTORYA_3            0x43ba
  #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_PROMONTORYA_2            0x43bb
@@ -103,6 +106,80 @@ static int xhci_pci_run(struct usb_hcd *hcd);
  static int xhci_pci_update_hub_device(struct usb_hcd *hcd, struct usb_device *hdev,
                        struct usb_tt *tt, gfp_t mem_flags);
  +static const struct pci_device_id pci_ids_have_aux[] = {
+    { PCI_DEVICE_DATA(AMD, PROM21_XHCI, "prom21_hwmon") },
+    { /* end: all zeroes */ }
+};
+
+struct xhci_pci_aux_devres {
+    struct auxiliary_device *auxdev;
+};
+
+static const char *xhci_pci_aux_dev_name(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+    const struct pci_device_id *id;
+
+    id = pci_match_id(pci_ids_have_aux, pdev);
+    if (!id)
+        return NULL;
+
+    return (const char *)id->driver_data;
+}
+
+static void xhci_pci_aux_devres_release(struct device *dev, void *res)
+{
+    struct xhci_pci_aux_devres *devres = res;
+
+    if (devres->auxdev)
+        auxiliary_device_destroy(devres->auxdev);
+}
+
+static void xhci_pci_try_add_aux_device(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+    struct xhci_pci_aux_devres *devres;
+    struct auxiliary_device *auxdev;
+    const char *aux_dev_name;
+
+    aux_dev_name = xhci_pci_aux_dev_name(pdev);
+    if (!aux_dev_name)
+        return;
+
+    devres = devres_alloc(xhci_pci_aux_devres_release, sizeof(*devres),
+                  GFP_KERNEL);
+    if (!devres) {
+        dev_warn(&pdev->dev,
+             "failed to allocate auxiliary device state\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    auxdev = auxiliary_device_create(&pdev->dev, KBUILD_MODNAME,
+                     aux_dev_name, NULL,
+                     (pci_domain_nr(pdev->bus) << 16) |
+                         pci_dev_id(pdev));
+    if (!auxdev) {
+        devres_free(devres);
+        dev_warn(&pdev->dev, "failed to add %s auxiliary device\n",
+             aux_dev_name);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    devres->auxdev = auxdev;
+    devres_add(&pdev->dev, devres);
+}
+
+static void xhci_pci_try_remove_aux_device(struct pci_dev *pdev)
+{
+    struct xhci_pci_aux_devres *devres;
+
+    devres = devres_find(&pdev->dev, xhci_pci_aux_devres_release, NULL,
+                 NULL);
+    if (!devres || !devres->auxdev)
+        return;
+
+    auxiliary_device_destroy(devres->auxdev);
+    devres->auxdev = NULL;
+}
+
  static const struct xhci_driver_overrides xhci_pci_overrides __initconst = {
      .reset = xhci_pci_setup,
      .start = xhci_pci_run,
@@ -677,6 +754,9 @@ int xhci_pci_common_probe(struct pci_dev *dev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
      if (device_property_read_bool(&dev->dev, "ti,pwron-active-high"))
          pci_clear_and_set_config_dword(dev, 0xE0, 0, 1 << 22);
  +    if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_USB_XHCI_PCI_AUXDEV))
+        xhci_pci_try_add_aux_device(dev);
+
      return 0;

I think this should be turned around so that the vendor specific code calls the common code.
xhci-pci-renesas.c does this nicely.

In your case it would be adding something like a xhci-pci-prom21.c pci driver:

xhci_pci_prom21_probe(struct pci_dev *dev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
    crate_auxiliary_device(dev);
    return xhci_pci_common_probe(dev, id);
}

xhci_pci_prom21_remove(struct pci_dev *dev)
{
    destroy_auxiliary_device(dev);
    xhci_pci_remove(dev);
}

static const struct pci_device_id pci_ids[] = {
    { PCI_DEVICE(YOUR_AMD_PCI_VENDOR_ID, YOUR_PROM21_DEVICE_ID) },
    { /* end: all zeroes */ }
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, pci_ids);

static struct pci_driver xhci_prom21_pci_driver = {
    .name =        "xhci-pci-prom21",
    .id_table =    pci_ids,

    .probe =    xhci_pci_prom21_probe,
    .remove =    xhci_pci_prom21_remove,

    .shutdown =     usb_hcd_pci_shutdown,
    .driver = {
        .pm = pm_ptr(&usb_hcd_pci_pm_ops),
    },
};
module_pci_driver(xhci_prom21_pci_driver);

MODULE_DESCRIPTION("AMD Promontory 21 xHCI PCI Host Controller Driver");
MODULE_IMPORT_NS("xhci");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");

-Mathias