[PATCH 4/4] kvm: svm: Support KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_VMSA at SNP_LAUNCH_UPDATE

From: Jörg Rödel

Date: Thu Jun 11 2026 - 08:36:34 EST


From: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@xxxxxxx>

Support setting a VMSA in guest physical memory during the SEV-SNP
launch process. Only one VMSA can be provided which will then be used
for the BSP. All of the APs will not have a VMSA allocated or assigned
when this feature is used.

This ensures stable launch measurements on SEV-SNP which are
independent of the number of VCPUs the VM is launched with.

Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@xxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 1 +
arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 1 +
include/uapi/linux/kvm.h | 1 +
4 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
index 5f2b30d0405c..fc87a5ba295b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
@@ -885,6 +885,7 @@ struct kvm_sev_snp_launch_start {
/* Kept in sync with firmware values for simplicity. */
#define KVM_SEV_PAGE_TYPE_INVALID 0x0
#define KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_NORMAL 0x1
+#define KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_VMSA 0x2
#define KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_ZERO 0x3
#define KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_UNMEASURED 0x4
#define KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_SECRETS 0x5
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
index 88db83b3ff8e..90399d5d0358 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c
@@ -2520,6 +2520,20 @@ static int snp_launch_start(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_sev_cmd *argp)
return rc;
}

+static bool snp_check_launch_vmsa(struct kvm_sev_info *sev,
+ struct sev_es_save_area *vmsa)
+{
+ /* VMSA sev_features must match VMs vmsa_features */
+ if (vmsa->sev_features != sev->vmsa_features)
+ return false;
+
+ /* Must always boot from VMPL0 */
+ if (vmsa->vmpl != 0)
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
struct sev_gmem_populate_args {
__u8 type;
int sev_fd;
@@ -2532,7 +2546,9 @@ static int sev_gmem_post_populate(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t pfn,
struct sev_gmem_populate_args *sev_populate_args = opaque;
struct sev_data_snp_launch_update fw_args = {0};
struct kvm_sev_info *sev = to_kvm_sev_info(kvm);
+ gpa_t gpa = gfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
bool assigned = false;
+ u64 sev_features = 0;
int level;
int ret;

@@ -2550,14 +2566,27 @@ static int sev_gmem_post_populate(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t pfn,
if (src_page) {
void *src_vaddr = kmap_local_page(src_page);
void *dst_vaddr = kmap_local_pfn(pfn);
+ struct sev_es_save_area *vmsa = dst_vaddr;
+ bool accept_page = true;

memcpy(dst_vaddr, src_vaddr, PAGE_SIZE);

+ if (sev_populate_args->type == KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_VMSA) {
+ accept_page = snp_check_launch_vmsa(sev, vmsa);
+ if (accept_page)
+ sev_features = vmsa->sev_features;
+ }
+
kunmap_local(src_vaddr);
kunmap_local(dst_vaddr);
+
+ if (!accept_page) {
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ goto out;
+ }
}

- ret = rmp_make_private(pfn, gfn << PAGE_SHIFT, PG_LEVEL_4K,
+ ret = rmp_make_private(pfn, gpa, PG_LEVEL_4K,
sev_get_asid(kvm), true);
if (ret)
goto out;
@@ -2593,6 +2622,9 @@ static int sev_gmem_post_populate(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t pfn,
kunmap_local(dst_vaddr);
}

+ if (ret == 0 && sev_populate_args->type == KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_VMSA)
+ sev->initial_vmsa_gpa = gpa;
+
out:
if (ret)
pr_debug("%s: error updating GFN %llx, return code %d (fw_error %d)\n",
@@ -2620,12 +2652,22 @@ static int snp_launch_update(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_sev_cmd *argp)

if (!params.len || !PAGE_ALIGNED(params.len) || params.flags ||
(params.type != KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_NORMAL &&
+ params.type != KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_VMSA &&
params.type != KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_ZERO &&
params.type != KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_UNMEASURED &&
params.type != KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_SECRETS &&
params.type != KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_CPUID))
return -EINVAL;

+ if (params.type == KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_VMSA) {
+ /* VMSA page are allowed only once */
+ if (sev->initial_vmsa_gpa != INVALID_PAGE)
+ return -EBUSY;
+ /* Can only deploy a single page as VMSA */
+ if (params.len != PAGE_SIZE)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
src = params.type == KVM_SEV_SNP_PAGE_TYPE_ZERO ? NULL : u64_to_user_ptr(params.uaddr);

if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(src))
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 0550359ed798..dc9abe62476e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -4870,6 +4870,7 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_check_extension(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
case KVM_CAP_MEMORY_FAULT_INFO:
case KVM_CAP_X86_GUEST_MODE:
case KVM_CAP_ONE_REG:
+ case KVM_CAP_SNP_DIRECT_VMSA:
r = 1;
break;
case KVM_CAP_PRE_FAULT_MEMORY:
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
index 6c8afa2047bf..bf034435f98c 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
@@ -996,6 +996,7 @@ struct kvm_enable_cap {
#define KVM_CAP_S390_USER_OPEREXEC 246
#define KVM_CAP_S390_KEYOP 247
#define KVM_CAP_S390_VSIE_ESAMODE 248
+#define KVM_CAP_SNP_DIRECT_VMSA 249

struct kvm_irq_routing_irqchip {
__u32 irqchip;
--
2.53.0