[PATCH v4 2/7] mm/page_owner: add MR_NEVER to enum migrate_reason and use it for last_migrate_reason

From: Ye Liu

Date: Tue Jun 30 2026 - 21:23:12 EST


The last_migrate_reason field uses -1 as a sentinel value to mean "no
migration has happened". Replace the four bare -1 occurrences by
adding a proper MR_NEVER member to enum migrate_reason, defining a
corresponding "never_migrated" string in the MIGRATE_REASON trace
macro, and updating the GDB page_owner script to use MR_NEVER instead
of the hardcoded -1 so that lx-dump-page-owner does not incorrectly
report unmigrated pages as migrated.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Ye Liu <ye.liu@xxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
include/linux/migrate_mode.h | 1 +
include/trace/events/migrate.h | 3 ++-
mm/page_owner.c | 8 ++++----
scripts/gdb/linux/page_owner.py | 4 +++-
4 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/migrate_mode.h b/include/linux/migrate_mode.h
index 265c4328b36a..05102d4d2490 100644
--- a/include/linux/migrate_mode.h
+++ b/include/linux/migrate_mode.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ enum migrate_reason {
MR_LONGTERM_PIN,
MR_DEMOTION,
MR_DAMON,
+ MR_NEVER, /* page has never been migrated */
MR_TYPES
};

diff --git a/include/trace/events/migrate.h b/include/trace/events/migrate.h
index cd01dd7b3640..11bc0aa14c7e 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/migrate.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/migrate.h
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
EM( MR_CONTIG_RANGE, "contig_range") \
EM( MR_LONGTERM_PIN, "longterm_pin") \
EM( MR_DEMOTION, "demotion") \
- EMe(MR_DAMON, "damon")
+ EM( MR_DAMON, "damon") \
+ EMe(MR_NEVER, "never_migrated")

/*
* First define the enums in the above macros to be exported to userspace
diff --git a/mm/page_owner.c b/mm/page_owner.c
index 342549891a8d..c2f43ab860eb 100644
--- a/mm/page_owner.c
+++ b/mm/page_owner.c
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ noinline void __set_page_owner(struct page *page, unsigned short order,
depot_stack_handle_t handle;

handle = save_stack(gfp_mask);
- __update_page_owner_handle(page, handle, order, gfp_mask, -1,
+ __update_page_owner_handle(page, handle, order, gfp_mask, MR_NEVER,
ts_nsec, current->pid, current->tgid,
current->comm);
inc_stack_record_count(handle, gfp_mask, 1 << order);
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ print_page_owner(char __user *buf, size_t count, unsigned long pfn,
if (ret >= count)
goto err;

- if (page_owner->last_migrate_reason != -1) {
+ if (page_owner->last_migrate_reason != MR_NEVER) {
ret += scnprintf(kbuf + ret, count - ret,
"Page has been migrated, last migrate reason: %s\n",
migrate_reason_names[page_owner->last_migrate_reason]);
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ void __dump_page_owner(const struct page *page)
stack_depot_print(handle);
}

- if (page_owner->last_migrate_reason != -1)
+ if (page_owner->last_migrate_reason != MR_NEVER)
pr_alert("page has been migrated, last migrate reason: %s\n",
migrate_reason_names[page_owner->last_migrate_reason]);
page_ext_put(page_ext);
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ static void init_pages_in_zone(struct zone *zone)

/* Found early allocated page */
__update_page_owner_handle(page, early_handle, 0, 0,
- -1, local_clock(), current->pid,
+ MR_NEVER, local_clock(), current->pid,
current->tgid, current->comm);
count++;
ext_put_continue:
diff --git a/scripts/gdb/linux/page_owner.py b/scripts/gdb/linux/page_owner.py
index 8e713a09cfe7..eeabaeed438b 100644
--- a/scripts/gdb/linux/page_owner.py
+++ b/scripts/gdb/linux/page_owner.py
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ class DumpPageOwner(gdb.Command):
max_pfn = None
p_ops = None
migrate_reason_names = None
+ mr_never = None

def __init__(self):
super(DumpPageOwner, self).__init__("lx-dump-page-owner", gdb.COMMAND_SUPPORT)
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ class DumpPageOwner(gdb.Command):
self.max_pfn = int(gdb.parse_and_eval("max_pfn"))
self.page_ext_size = int(gdb.parse_and_eval("page_ext_size"))
self.migrate_reason_names = gdb.parse_and_eval('migrate_reason_names')
+ self.mr_never = int(gdb.parse_and_eval('MR_NEVER'))

def page_ext_invalid(self, page_ext):
if page_ext == gdb.Value(0):
@@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ class DumpPageOwner(gdb.Command):
else:
gdb.write('page last free stack trace:\n')
stackdepot.stack_depot_print(page_owner["free_handle"])
- if page_owner['last_migrate_reason'] != -1:
+ if page_owner['last_migrate_reason'] != self.mr_never:
gdb.write('page has been migrated, last migrate reason: %s\n' % self.migrate_reason_names[page_owner['last_migrate_reason']])

def read_page_owner(self):
--
2.43.0