[PATCH v7 2/9] mm: factor zone-device page init helpers out of __init_zone_device_page

From: Li Zhe

Date: Mon Jul 20 2026 - 08:30:11 EST


memmap_init_zone_device() currently mixes refcount policy and core
ZONE_DEVICE page setup in a single helper.

Factor the refcount-reset predicate into pagemap_requires_refcount_reset(),
move the common page initialization into __zone_device_page_init(), and
wrap the existing slow path in zone_device_page_init_slow().

This keeps the slow-path behaviour unchanged and gives later patches
reusable helper boundaries.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
mm/mm_init.c | 56 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/mm_init.c b/mm/mm_init.c
index 95808ab5cfdb..a70acb7431a6 100644
--- a/mm/mm_init.c
+++ b/mm/mm_init.c
@@ -1005,11 +1005,37 @@ static void __init memmap_init(void)
}

#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE
-static void __ref __init_zone_device_page(struct page *page, unsigned long pfn,
+/*
+ * Return true when memmap_init_zone_device() must initialize the page
+ * refcount to 0. MEMORY_DEVICE_GENERIC pages regain a refcount of 1 in
+ * the free path, while the remaining ZONE_DEVICE types start from 0 here
+ * and raise the count again when the allocator or driver hands the page
+ * out.
+ */
+static inline bool pagemap_requires_refcount_reset(const struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
+{
+ /*
+ * MEMORY_DEVICE_GENERIC pages regain a refcount of 1 in the free
+ * path. The remaining ZONE_DEVICE types start from 0 here and raise
+ * the count again when the allocator or driver hands the page out.
+ */
+ switch (pgmap->type) {
+ case MEMORY_DEVICE_FS_DAX:
+ case MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE:
+ case MEMORY_DEVICE_COHERENT:
+ case MEMORY_DEVICE_PCI_P2PDMA:
+ return true;
+ case MEMORY_DEVICE_GENERIC:
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+static void __ref __zone_device_page_init(struct page *page, unsigned long pfn,
unsigned long zone_idx, int nid,
struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
{
-
__init_single_page(page, pfn, zone_idx, nid);

/*
@@ -1028,23 +1054,15 @@ static void __ref __init_zone_device_page(struct page *page, unsigned long pfn,
*/
page_folio(page)->pgmap = pgmap;
page->zone_device_data = NULL;
+}

- /*
- * MEMORY_DEVICE_GENERIC pages regain a refcount of 1 in the free
- * path. The remaining ZONE_DEVICE types start from 0 here and raise
- * the count again when the allocator or driver hands the page out.
- */
- switch (pgmap->type) {
- case MEMORY_DEVICE_FS_DAX:
- case MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE:
- case MEMORY_DEVICE_COHERENT:
- case MEMORY_DEVICE_PCI_P2PDMA:
+static void __ref zone_device_page_init_slow(struct page *page,
+ unsigned long pfn, unsigned long zone_idx, int nid,
+ struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
+{
+ __zone_device_page_init(page, pfn, zone_idx, nid, pgmap);
+ if (pagemap_requires_refcount_reset(pgmap))
set_page_count(page, 0);
- break;
-
- case MEMORY_DEVICE_GENERIC:
- break;
- }
}

/*
@@ -1090,7 +1108,7 @@ static void __ref memmap_init_compound(struct page *head,
for (pfn = head_pfn + 1; pfn < end_pfn; pfn++) {
struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);

- __init_zone_device_page(page, pfn, zone_idx, nid, pgmap);
+ zone_device_page_init_slow(page, pfn, zone_idx, nid, pgmap);
prep_compound_tail(page, head, order);
set_page_count(page, 0);
}
@@ -1126,7 +1144,7 @@ void __ref memmap_init_zone_device(struct zone *zone,
for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += pfns_per_compound) {
struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);

- __init_zone_device_page(page, pfn, zone_idx, nid, pgmap);
+ zone_device_page_init_slow(page, pfn, zone_idx, nid, pgmap);

if (IS_ALIGNED(pfn, PAGES_PER_SECTION))
cond_resched();
--
2.20.1