Re: [PATCH v8 1/1] rust: introduce abstractions for fwctl

[Gary Guo]

On Thu Aug 13, 2026 at 4:23 PM BST, Zhi Wang wrote:
> Introduce safe Rust wrappers around struct fwctl_device and
> struct fwctl_uctx. This lets Rust drivers register fwctl devices and
> implement firmware RPC callbacks through a typed trait interface.
>
> The abstraction keeps lifetime and reference-count handling inside the
> wrapper, exposes pinned per-FD user contexts to drivers, and validates the
> layout assumptions required by the C fwctl allocation model. Allocation
> sizes are padded so the kmalloc-backed C allocations also satisfy Rust
> alignment requirements.
>
> Registration owns driver private data with a lifetime tied to the bound
> parent device and verifies the parent identity before registration.
> Callbacks access that data through a higher-ranked closure, preventing its
> erased lifetime from escaping, while Device remains only the refcounted
> fwctl object. This avoids requiring Rust drop glue from the fwctl_device
> release path after unregister or module teardown.
>
> RPC callbacks receive typed scope information, a mutable request/response
> buffer, and the userspace output-buffer size. Response pointer conversion,
> length validation, and raw output-length handling remain inside the
> abstraction.
>
> Add the Rust sources to the FWCTL MAINTAINERS entry and add myself as the
> maintainer for the Rust abstractions.
>
> Co-developed-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@xxxxxxxxxx>
> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/DJJW7X4ESDSM.QCVYK2FC7ZR3@xxxxxxxxxx
> Signed-off-by: Zhi Wang <zhiw@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
>  MAINTAINERS                     |   3 +
>  drivers/fwctl/Kconfig           |  12 +
>  rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h |   1 +
>  rust/helpers/fwctl.c            |  17 +
>  rust/helpers/helpers.c          |   3 +-
>  rust/kernel/fwctl.rs            | 593 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  rust/kernel/lib.rs              |   2 +
>  7 files changed, 630 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>  create mode 100644 rust/helpers/fwctl.c
>  create mode 100644 rust/kernel/fwctl.rs
>
> diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
> index 5114e6db7307..bf487b8b8e9a 100644
> --- a/MAINTAINERS
> +++ b/MAINTAINERS
> @@ -10737,12 +10737,15 @@ FWCTL SUBSYSTEM
>  M:	Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@xxxxxxxxx>
>  M:	Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@xxxxxxxxxx>
>  M:	Saeed Mahameed <saeedm@xxxxxxxxxx>
> +M:	Zhi Wang <zhiw@xxxxxxxxxx> (RUST)
>  R:	Jonathan Cameron <jic23@xxxxxxxxxx>
>  S:	Maintained
>  F:	Documentation/userspace-api/fwctl/
>  F:	drivers/fwctl/
>  F:	include/linux/fwctl.h
>  F:	include/uapi/fwctl/
> +F:	rust/helpers/fwctl.c
> +F:	rust/kernel/fwctl.rs
>  
>  FWCTL BNXT DRIVER
>  M:	Pavan Chebbi <pavan.chebbi@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
> diff --git a/drivers/fwctl/Kconfig b/drivers/fwctl/Kconfig
> index d1b1925bdaec..cac38cf79f30 100644
> --- a/drivers/fwctl/Kconfig
> +++ b/drivers/fwctl/Kconfig
> @@ -9,6 +9,18 @@ menuconfig FWCTL
>  	  fit neatly into an existing subsystem.
>  
>  if FWCTL
> +
> +config RUST_FWCTL_ABSTRACTIONS
> +	bool "Rust fwctl abstractions"
> +	depends on RUST && FWCTL=y
> +	help
> +	  This enables the Rust abstractions for the fwctl device firmware
> +	  access framework. It provides safe wrappers around struct fwctl_device
> +	  and struct fwctl_uctx, allowing Rust drivers to register fwctl devices
> +	  and implement their control and RPC logic in safe Rust.
> +
> +	  If unsure, say N.
> +
>  config FWCTL_BNXT
>  	tristate "bnxt control fwctl driver"
>  	depends on BNXT
> diff --git a/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h b/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h
> index 1124785e210b..3d0511e4ab4f 100644
> --- a/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h
> +++ b/rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h
> @@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
>  #include <linux/fdtable.h>
>  #include <linux/file.h>
>  #include <linux/firmware.h>
> +#include <linux/fwctl.h>
>  #include <linux/fs.h>
>  #include <linux/i2c.h>
>  #include <linux/interrupt.h>
> diff --git a/rust/helpers/fwctl.c b/rust/helpers/fwctl.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..c7eecd4336a7
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/rust/helpers/fwctl.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> +
> +#include <linux/fwctl.h>
> +
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RUST_FWCTL_ABSTRACTIONS)
> +
> +__rust_helper struct fwctl_device *rust_helper_fwctl_get(struct fwctl_device *fwctl)
> +{
> +	return fwctl_get(fwctl);
> +}
> +
> +__rust_helper void rust_helper_fwctl_put(struct fwctl_device *fwctl)
> +{
> +	fwctl_put(fwctl);
> +}
> +
> +#endif
> diff --git a/rust/helpers/helpers.c b/rust/helpers/helpers.c
> index 998e31052e66..b7d9512da9a6 100644
> --- a/rust/helpers/helpers.c
> +++ b/rust/helpers/helpers.c
> @@ -62,10 +62,11 @@
>  #include "drm.c"
>  #include "drm_gpuvm.c"
>  #include "err.c"
> -#include "irq.c"
>  #include "fs.c"
> +#include "fwctl.c"
>  #include "gpu.c"
>  #include "io.c"
> +#include "irq.c"
>  #include "jump_label.c"
>  #include "kunit.c"
>  #include "list.c"
> diff --git a/rust/kernel/fwctl.rs b/rust/kernel/fwctl.rs
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..e6a8513a47d0
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/rust/kernel/fwctl.rs
> @@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
> +
> +//! Abstractions for the fwctl subsystem.
> +//!
> +//! C header: `include/linux/fwctl.h`
> +
> +use crate::{
> +    bindings,
> +    container_of,
> +    device,
> +    prelude::*,
> +    sync::aref::{
> +        ARef,
> +        AlwaysRefCounted, //
> +    },
> +    types::Opaque, //
> +};
> +use core::{
> +    alloc::Layout,
> +    cell::UnsafeCell,
> +    marker::PhantomData,
> +    ptr::NonNull,
> +    slice, //
> +};
> +
> +/// Returns a kmalloc-compatible allocation size for `T`.
> +const fn kmalloc_aligned_size<T>() -> usize {
> +    Layout::new::<T>().pad_to_align().size()

What's this function doing?  This is just identical to `size_of::<T>()`.

The layout from a specific type is already padded to its alignment. You only
need to call `pad_to_align()`, say, if you are computing a layout or increasing
the alignment of layout.

Best,
Gary

> +}
> +
> +/// Represents a fwctl device type.
> +///
> +/// Corresponds to the C `enum fwctl_device_type`. All non-error UAPI values are represented so
> +/// Rust drivers can select a device type without passing an untyped integer, while
> +/// `FWCTL_DEVICE_TYPE_ERROR` remains unrepresentable.
> +#[repr(u32)]
> +#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
> +pub enum DeviceType {
> +    /// Mellanox ConnectX (mlx5) device.
> +    Mlx5 = bindings::fwctl_device_type_FWCTL_DEVICE_TYPE_MLX5,
> +    /// CXL (Compute Express Link) device.
> +    Cxl = bindings::fwctl_device_type_FWCTL_DEVICE_TYPE_CXL,
> +    /// AMD/Pensando PDS device.
> +    Pds = bindings::fwctl_device_type_FWCTL_DEVICE_TYPE_PDS,
> +    /// Broadcom NetXtreme (bnxt) device.
> +    Bnxt = bindings::fwctl_device_type_FWCTL_DEVICE_TYPE_BNXT,
> +}