[PATCH bpf-next v2 3/3] selftests/bpf: Test linux_binprm user memory kfuncs
From: Anastasios Papagiannis
Date: Thu Aug 20 2026 - 09:21:18 EST
This patch adds a sleepable BPF LSM program attached to
bprm_check_security to test bpf_copy_from_user_bprm() and
bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str().
Starting at bprm->p, verify that bpf_copy_from_user_bprm() can copy the
contiguous NUL-separated argument and environment data. Then
use bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str() to read each argument and environment
string separately, by advancing the offset based on the returned length.
Signed-off-by: Anastasios Papagiannis <tasos.papagiannnis@xxxxxxxxx>
---
.../bpf/prog_tests/copy_from_user_bprm.c | 62 ++++++++++
.../selftests/bpf/progs/copy_from_user_bprm.c | 115 ++++++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 177 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/copy_from_user_bprm.c
create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/copy_from_user_bprm.c
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/copy_from_user_bprm.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/copy_from_user_bprm.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1007e3aec054
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/copy_from_user_bprm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <test_progs.h>
+
+#include "copy_from_user_bprm.skel.h"
+
+void test_copy_from_user_bprm(void)
+{
+ char arg0[] = "first";
+ char arg1[] = "second-argument";
+ char env0[] = "SOME_ENV=a";
+ char env1[] = "OTHER_ENV=something";
+ struct copy_from_user_bprm *skel;
+ pid_t child;
+ int status;
+
+ skel = copy_from_user_bprm__open_and_load();
+ if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(skel, "open_and_load"))
+ return;
+
+ if (!ASSERT_OK(copy_from_user_bprm__attach(skel), "attach"))
+ goto out;
+
+ child = fork();
+ if (!ASSERT_GE(child, 0, "fork"))
+ goto out;
+
+ if (!child) {
+ char *const argv[] = { arg0, arg1, NULL };
+ char *const envp[] = { env0, env1, NULL };
+
+ skel->bss->monitored_pid = getpid();
+ execve("/bin/true", argv, envp);
+ _exit(errno);
+ }
+
+ if (!ASSERT_EQ(waitpid(child, &status, 0), child, "waitpid"))
+ goto out;
+
+ if (ASSERT_TRUE(WIFEXITED(status), "child_exited"))
+ ASSERT_EQ(WEXITSTATUS(status), EPERM, "exec_errno");
+
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->bprm_argc, 2, "bprm_argc");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->bprm_envc, 2, "bprm_envc");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->data_len_match, 1, "data_len_match");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->invalid_flags_ret, -EINVAL, "invalid_flags_ret");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->copy_ret, 0, "copy_ret");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->str_arg0_ret, sizeof(arg0), "str_arg0_ret");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->str_arg1_ret, sizeof(arg1), "str_arg1_ret");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->str_env0_ret, sizeof(env0), "str_env0_ret");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->str_env1_ret, sizeof(env1), "str_env1_ret");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->data_match, 1, "data_match");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->str_args_match, 1, "str_args_match");
+ ASSERT_EQ(skel->bss->str_envs_match, 1, "str_envs_match");
+
+out:
+ copy_from_user_bprm__destroy(skel);
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/copy_from_user_bprm.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/copy_from_user_bprm.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4d7e9002b45b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/copy_from_user_bprm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include "vmlinux.h"
+
+#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "bpf_misc.h"
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+
+static const char expected_data[] = "first\0second-argument\0"
+ "SOME_ENV=a\0OTHER_ENV=something";
+static const char expected_arg0[] = "first";
+static const char expected_arg1[] = "second-argument";
+static const char expected_env0[] = "SOME_ENV=a";
+static const char expected_env1[] = "OTHER_ENV=something";
+
+int monitored_pid;
+int bprm_argc;
+int bprm_envc;
+int data_len_match;
+int invalid_flags_ret;
+int copy_ret;
+int str_arg0_ret;
+int str_arg1_ret;
+int str_env0_ret;
+int str_env1_ret;
+int data_match;
+int str_args_match;
+int str_envs_match;
+
+extern int bpf_copy_from_user_bprm(void *dst, u32 dst__sz,
+ const void *unsafe_ptr__ign,
+ const struct linux_binprm *bprm,
+ u64 flags) __ksym;
+
+extern int bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str(void *dst, u32 dst__sz,
+ const void *unsafe_ptr__ign,
+ const struct linux_binprm *bprm,
+ u64 flags) __ksym;
+
+SEC("lsm.s/bprm_check_security")
+int BPF_PROG(check_exec_args, struct linux_binprm *bprm)
+{
+ u32 pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid() >> 32;
+ char data[sizeof(expected_data)];
+ char arg0[32];
+ char arg1[32];
+ char env0[32];
+ char env1[32];
+ u64 offset = 0;
+ u64 data_len;
+
+ if (pid != monitored_pid)
+ return 0;
+
+ bprm_argc = bprm->argc;
+ bprm_envc = bprm->envc;
+
+ /* this is the total size of args and envs starting from bprm->p */
+ data_len = bprm->exec - bprm->p;
+ data_len_match = data_len == sizeof(expected_data);
+
+ invalid_flags_ret = bpf_copy_from_user_bprm(data,
+ sizeof(data), (void *)bprm->p, bprm, ~0ULL);
+
+ copy_ret = bpf_copy_from_user_bprm(data, sizeof(data), (void *)bprm->p,
+ bprm, 0);
+ if (copy_ret)
+ return 0;
+
+ data_match =
+ !__builtin_memcmp(data, expected_data, sizeof(expected_data));
+
+ /* arg0 is at bprm->p */
+ str_arg0_ret = bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str(arg0, sizeof(arg0),
+ (void *)(bprm->p + offset),
+ bprm, BPF_F_PAD_ZEROS);
+ if (str_arg0_ret != sizeof(expected_arg0))
+ return 0;
+ offset += str_arg0_ret;
+
+ /* arg1 is at bprm->p + sizeof(arg0) */
+ str_arg1_ret = bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str(arg1, sizeof(arg1),
+ (void *)(bprm->p + offset),
+ bprm, BPF_F_PAD_ZEROS);
+ if (str_arg1_ret != sizeof(expected_arg1))
+ return 0;
+ offset += str_arg1_ret;
+
+ /* env0 is at bprm->p + sizeof(arg0) + sizeof(arg1) */
+ str_env0_ret = bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str(env0, sizeof(env0),
+ (void *)(bprm->p + offset),
+ bprm, BPF_F_PAD_ZEROS);
+ if (str_env0_ret != sizeof(expected_env0))
+ return 0;
+ offset += str_env0_ret;
+
+ /* env1 is at bprm->p + sizeof(arg0) + sizeof(arg1) + sizeof(env0) */
+ str_env1_ret = bpf_copy_from_user_bprm_str(env1, sizeof(env1),
+ (void *)(bprm->p + offset),
+ bprm, BPF_F_PAD_ZEROS);
+ if (str_env1_ret != sizeof(expected_env1))
+ return 0;
+
+ str_args_match =
+ !__builtin_memcmp(arg0, expected_arg0, sizeof(expected_arg0)) &&
+ !__builtin_memcmp(arg1, expected_arg1, sizeof(expected_arg1));
+ str_envs_match =
+ !__builtin_memcmp(env0, expected_env0, sizeof(expected_env0)) &&
+ !__builtin_memcmp(env1, expected_env1, sizeof(expected_env1));
+
+ return data_match && str_args_match && str_envs_match ? -EPERM : 0;
+}
--
2.55.0