Re: [PATCH v2 7/7] greybus: Add Rust UART node driver

From: Markus Probst

Date: Sun Sep 06 2026 - 13:39:23 EST

On Fri, 2026-09-04 at 10:48 +0530, Ayush Singh wrote:
> On 9/4/26 2:19 AM, Markus Probst wrote:
>
> > On Thu, 2026-08-27 at 13:24 +0530, Ayush Singh wrote:
> > > Add a driver for Greybus nodes attached over a plain serial port. The
> > > node is registered with the software SVC (gb-softsvc), which handles the
> > > SVC protocol on behalf of the AP, so no dedicated coprocessor running
> > > SVC firmware is needed.
> > >
> > > Greybus messages are carried over HDLC framing on the wire. Each frame
> > > carries a one-byte address (0x01 for Greybus) and control byte, followed
> > > by the 16-bit CPort ID and the Greybus message itself.
> > >
> > > Port parameters are taken from the firmware node: "baudrate" if
> > > present, otherwise 115200, with flow control and parity disabled.
> > >
> > > Since gb-uart-node imports types from gb-softsvc, Rust to Rust calling
> > > setup from nova-core [0] is being used.
> > >
> > > [0]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260622-nova-exports-v5-0-6191773fc977@xxxxxxxxxx/
> > >
> > > Signed-off-by: Ayush Singh <ayush@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> > > ---
> > > MAINTAINERS | 1 +
> > > drivers/greybus/.gitignore | 1 +
> > > drivers/greybus/Kconfig | 15 +++
> > > drivers/greybus/Makefile | 48 ++++++++
> > > drivers/greybus/gb_uart_node.rs | 245 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > > 5 files changed, 310 insertions(+)
> > >
> > > diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
> > > index d047090be5f4..49c6dac72748 100644
> > > --- a/MAINTAINERS
> > > +++ b/MAINTAINERS
> > > @@ -11339,6 +11339,7 @@ M: Ayush Singh <ayush@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> > > L: greybus-dev@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (moderated for non-subscribers)
> > > S: Maintained
> > > F: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/beagle/beagle,beagleconnect-freedom.yaml
> > > +F: drivers/greybus/gb_uart_node.rs
> > >
> > > GREYBUS SUBSYSTEM
> > > M: Johan Hovold <johan@xxxxxxxxxx>
> > > diff --git a/drivers/greybus/.gitignore b/drivers/greybus/.gitignore
> > > new file mode 100644
> > > index 000000000000..ff9c4a3539b4
> > > --- /dev/null
> > > +++ b/drivers/greybus/.gitignore
> > > @@ -0,0 +1 @@
> > > +exports_gb_softsvc_generated.h
> > > diff --git a/drivers/greybus/Kconfig b/drivers/greybus/Kconfig
> > > index 381d1a6ee135..34de913af287 100644
> > > --- a/drivers/greybus/Kconfig
> > > +++ b/drivers/greybus/Kconfig
> > > @@ -60,5 +60,20 @@ config GREYBUS_SOFTSVC
> > > To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module
> > > will be called gb-softsvc.ko
> > >
> > > +config GREYBUS_UART_NODE
> > > + tristate "Greybus UART node transport"
> > > + depends on RUST
> > > + depends on GREYBUS_SOFTSVC
> > > + depends on RUST_SERIAL_DEV_BUS_ABSTRACTIONS
> > > + select RUST_CRC_CCITT_ABSTRACTIONS
> > > + help
> > > + Select this option if you have a Greybus node connected over a
> > > + serial port. The node is registered with the software SVC, which
> > > + handles the SVC protocol on behalf of the AP, so no dedicated
> > > + coprocessor running SVC firmware is required.
> > > +
> > > + To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module
> > > + will be called gb-uart-node.ko
> > > +
> > > endif # GREYBUS
> > >
> > > diff --git a/drivers/greybus/Makefile b/drivers/greybus/Makefile
> > > index e6f594128802..81151963c01e 100644
> > > --- a/drivers/greybus/Makefile
> > > +++ b/drivers/greybus/Makefile
> > > @@ -28,3 +28,51 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_GREYBUS_ES2) += gb-es2.o
> > > obj-$(CONFIG_GREYBUS_SOFTSVC) += gb-softsvc.o
> > > gb-softsvc-y += gb_softsvc.o gb_softsvc_exports.o
> > >
> > > +obj-$(CONFIG_GREYBUS_UART_NODE) += gb-uart-node.o
> > > +gb-uart-node-y += gb_uart_node.o
> > > +
> > > +# Export Rust symbols from gb-softsvc only if gb-uart-node actually references them.
> > > +gb-softsvc-export-deps := $(if $(CONFIG_GREYBUS_UART_NODE),$(obj)/gb_uart_node.o)
> > > +
> > > +rust_needed_exports = \
> > > + { $(if $(strip $(2)),$(NM) -u $(2);,) echo "__DEFINED_RUST_SYMBOLS__"; \
> > > + $(NM) -p --defined-only $(1); } | \
> > > + awk -v fmt='$(3)' ' \
> > > + /^__DEFINED_RUST_SYMBOLS__$$/ { defs = 1; next } \
> > > + !defs { if ($$NF ~ /^_R/) needed[$$NF] = 1; next } \
> > > + defs && $$2 ~ /(T|R|D|B)/ && $$3 ~ /^_R/ && \
> > > + $$3 !~ /_(init|cleanup)_module$$/ && \
> > > + $$3 !~ /__(pfx|cfi|odr_asan)/ && \
> > > + $$3 in needed { printf fmt, $$3 } \
> > > + '
> > > +
> > > +quiet_cmd_exports = EXPORTS $@
> > > + cmd_exports = \
> > > + $(call rust_needed_exports,$<,$(gb-softsvc-export-deps),EXPORT_SYMBOL_RUST_GPL(%s);\n) > $@
> > > +
> > > +$(obj)/exports_gb_softsvc_generated.h: $(obj)/gb_softsvc.o $(gb-softsvc-export-deps) FORCE
> > > + $(call if_changed,exports)
> > > +
> > > +targets += exports_gb_softsvc_generated.h
> > > +
> > > +$(obj)/gb_softsvc_exports.o: $(obj)/exports_gb_softsvc_generated.h
> > > +CFLAGS_gb_softsvc_exports.o := -I $(objtree)/$(obj)
> > > +
> > > +ifdef CONFIG_MODVERSIONS
> > > +# The C export shim declares Rust symbols as `extern int`, so reuse its export
> > > +# list but generate symbol CRCs from the Rust object instead of the shim's DWARF.
> > > +$(obj)/gb_softsvc_exports.o: private cmd_gensymtypes_c = \
> > > + $(call getexportsymbols,\1) | \
> > > + $(objtree)/scripts/gendwarfksyms/gendwarfksyms \
> > > + $(if $(KBUILD_GENDWARFKSYMS_STABLE), --stable) \
> > > + $(if $(KBUILD_SYMTYPES), --symtypes $(@:.o=.symtypes),) \
> > > + $(obj)/gb_softsvc.o
> > > +endif
> > > +
> > > +# Output nova-core's crate metadata for use by nova-drm at compile time.
> > > +RUSTFLAGS_gb_softsvc.o += \
> > > + --emit=metadata=$(objtree)/$(obj)/libgb_softsvc.rmeta
> > > +
> > > +# Allow nova-drm to import nova-core's types.
> > > +$(obj)/gb_uart_node.o: $(obj)/gb_softsvc.o
> > > +RUSTFLAGS_gb_uart_node.o := -L $(objtree)/$(obj) --extern gb_softsvc
> > > diff --git a/drivers/greybus/gb_uart_node.rs b/drivers/greybus/gb_uart_node.rs
> > > new file mode 100644
> > > index 000000000000..3eb4f8ab3655
> > > --- /dev/null
> > > +++ b/drivers/greybus/gb_uart_node.rs
> > > @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
> > > +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> > > +
> > > +//! Greybus UART Node driver
> > > +
> > > +use kernel::{
> > > + alloc::Flags,
> > > + crc_ccitt::crc_ccitt,
> > > + device::{
> > > + AsBusDevice,
> > > + Bound,
> > > + Core, //
> > > + },
> > > + error::code,
> > > + new_spinlock, of,
> > > + prelude::*,
> > > + serdev,
> > > + sync::{
> > > + aref::ARef,
> > > + Arc,
> > > + SpinLock, //
> > > + },
> > > +};
> > > +
> > > +use zerocopy::little_endian;
> > > +use zerocopy_derive::{FromBytes, Immutable, KnownLayout};
> > > +
> > > +const HDLC_MAX_FRAME_LEN: usize = 256;
> > > +
> > > +const HDLC_FRAME: u8 = 0x7E;
> > > +const HDLC_ESC: u8 = 0x7D;
> > > +const HDLC_XOR: u8 = 0x20;
> > > +const HDLC_EXPECTED_CRC: u16 = 0xf0b8;
> > > +
> > > +const ADDRESS_GREYBUS: u8 = 0x01;
> > > +
> > > +#[repr(C, packed)]
> > > +#[derive(FromBytes, Immutable, KnownLayout)]
> > > +struct GreybusFrame {
> > > + cport: little_endian::U16,
> > > + msg: [u8],
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +struct HdlcRx {
> > > + rx_buf: KVec<u8>,
> > > + rx_in_esc: bool,
> > > + sdev: ARef<serdev::Device>,
> > > + node: gb_softsvc::Module,
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +impl HdlcRx {
> > > + fn new(sdev: ARef<serdev::Device>, node: gb_softsvc::Module) -> Result<Self> {
> > > + Ok(Self {
> > > + node,
> > > + sdev,
> > > + rx_buf: KVec::with_capacity(HDLC_MAX_FRAME_LEN, GFP_KERNEL)?,
> > > + rx_in_esc: false,
> > > + })
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + fn frame_finish(&self) -> Result<()> {
> > > + if self.rx_buf.len() < 4 {
> > > + return Err(code::EFAULT);
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + let crc = crc_ccitt(0xffff, &self.rx_buf);
> > > + if crc != HDLC_EXPECTED_CRC {
> > > + dev_warn!(self.sdev.as_ref(), "CRC failed {}", crc);
> > > + return Ok(());
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + let addr = self.rx_buf[0];
> > > + let _ctrl = self.rx_buf[1];
> > > + let payload = &self.rx_buf[2..self.rx_buf.len() - size_of::<u16>()];
> > > +
> > > + match addr {
> > > + ADDRESS_GREYBUS => {
> > > + let frame = GreybusFrame::ref_from_bytes(payload).map_err(|_| code::EINVAL)?;
> > > + self.node.submit_message(0, frame.cport.into(), &frame.msg)
> > > + }
> > > + _ => Err(code::EINVAL),
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + fn rx(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> usize {
> > > + for i in data.iter() {
> > > + match *i {
> > > + HDLC_FRAME => {
> > > + if !self.rx_buf.is_empty() {
> > > + if let Err(e) = self.frame_finish() {
> > > + dev_warn!(self.sdev.as_ref(), "bad frame: {e:?}\n");
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + self.rx_buf.clear();
> > > + self.rx_in_esc = false;
> > > + }
> > > + HDLC_ESC => self.rx_in_esc = true,
> > > + _ => {
> > > + let c = if self.rx_in_esc { *i ^ HDLC_XOR } else { *i };
> > > + self.rx_in_esc = false;
> > > +
> > > + if self.rx_buf.push_within_capacity(c).is_err() {
> > > + dev_warn!(self.sdev.as_ref(), "buffer overflow. Dropping frame");
> > > +
> > > + self.rx_buf.clear();
> > > + self.rx_in_esc = false;
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + data.len()
> > > + }
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +struct GbNode {
> > > + sdev: ARef<serdev::Device>,
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +impl GbNode {
> > > + const fn new(sdev: ARef<serdev::Device>) -> Self {
> > > + Self { sdev }
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + fn fill_buf(mut crc: u16, data: &[u8], buf: &mut KVec<u8>) -> Result<u16> {
> > > + for i in data {
> > > + crc = crc_ccitt(crc, &[*i]);
> > > + if *i == HDLC_ESC || *i == HDLC_FRAME {
> > > + buf.push_within_capacity(HDLC_ESC)?;
> > > + buf.push_within_capacity(i ^ HDLC_XOR)?;
> > > + } else {
> > > + buf.push_within_capacity(*i)?;
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > +
> > > + Ok(crc)
> > > + }
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +impl gb_softsvc::InterfaceOps for GbNode {
> > > + fn write(&self, data: &[u8], cport: u16, gfp_mask: Flags) -> Result<()> {
> > > + // SAFETY: `GbNode` only exists while its serdev driver is bound, so the device is in the
> > > + // `Bound` state for the duration of this call.
> > > + let bound: &serdev::Device<Bound> =
> > > + unsafe { serdev::Device::from_device(self.sdev.as_ref().as_bound()) };
> > > +
> > > + let mut buf = KVec::with_capacity(HDLC_MAX_FRAME_LEN, gfp_mask)?;
> > > +
> > > + let mut crc = 0xffff;
> > > +
> > > + buf.push_within_capacity(HDLC_FRAME)?;
> > > +
> > > + crc = Self::fill_buf(crc, &[ADDRESS_GREYBUS, 0x03], &mut buf)?;
> > > + crc = Self::fill_buf(crc, &cport.to_le_bytes(), &mut buf)?;
> > > + crc = Self::fill_buf(crc, data, &mut buf)?;
> > > +
> > > + crc ^= 0xffff;
> > > + Self::fill_buf(crc, &crc.to_le_bytes(), &mut buf)?;
> > > +
> > > + buf.push_within_capacity(HDLC_FRAME)?;
> > > +
> > > + bound.write_all(&buf, 0)?;
> > > +
> > > + Ok(())
> > > + }
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +#[pin_data]
> > > +struct GbUartNode {
> > > + #[pin]
> > > + rx: SpinLock<Option<HdlcRx>>,
> > (add me to CC please)
> >
> > Instead of using a lock here, it might be a better idea to
> > synchronize/stop the receive callback before unbind is called in the
> > serdev rust abstraction. This would allow the abstraction to provide
> > mutable references to the driver data in `receive` and `unbind`. It
> > would also remove the Sync requirement.
> >
> > I will send a patch soon.
> >
> > Thanks
> > - Markus Probst
>
> That sounds great. The lock here was basically only for getting a mut
> ref. I will base the next version on top of your patches.
>
> I have added your email for the next patch version.
It appears that "would break the driver core's lifetime design", so I
have to drop the patch.

You will still need the SpinLock.

See
https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/DL8DCNMSENDS.3T14U5W1Y32IX@xxxxxxxxxx/

Thanks
- Markus Probst

>
>
> Best Regards,
>
> Ayush Singh

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