[PATCH 6/7] x86/fpu: Pre-fault only required size of xstate buffer

From: Andrei Vagin

Date: Tue Sep 08 2026 - 00:40:05 EST


The kernel previously used the default task FPU state size (user_size)
to fault in the user buffer when restoring FPU registers from a signal
frame. This can lead to attempting to fault in memory past the end of
the actual frame if the frame was smaller than the default size.

Introduce consistency checks to calculate the actual required size for
the features enabled in the xfeatures mask, ensure that the provided
xstate_size is sufficient, and shrink it to the actual required size.
Use this validated size to fault in the user buffer.

Keep the strict check that the provided xstate_size does not exceed the
default user_size for now.

Reviewed-by: Alexander Mikhalitsyn <alexander@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Chang S. Bae <chang.seok.bae@xxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c | 2 +-
arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.h | 2 ++
3 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
index d686d5f7f3d0..452ebef88511 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ static inline bool check_xstate_in_sigframe(struct fxregs_state __user *buf_fx,
{
int min_xstate_size = sizeof(struct fxregs_state) +
sizeof(struct xstate_header);
- void __user *fpstate = buf_fx;
+ struct fpstate *fpstate = x86_task_fpu(current)->fpstate;
+ void __user *buf = buf_fx;
unsigned int magic2;

if (__copy_from_user(fx_sw, &buf_fx->sw_reserved[0], sizeof(*fx_sw)))
@@ -38,8 +39,8 @@ static inline bool check_xstate_in_sigframe(struct fxregs_state __user *buf_fx,
/* Check for the first magic field and other error scenarios. */
if (fx_sw->magic1 != FP_XSTATE_MAGIC1 ||
fx_sw->xstate_size < min_xstate_size ||
- fx_sw->xstate_size > x86_task_fpu(current)->fpstate->user_size ||
- fx_sw->xstate_size > fx_sw->extended_size)
+ fx_sw->xstate_size > fpstate->user_size ||
+ fx_sw->extended_size < fx_sw->xstate_size + FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2_SIZE)
goto err_setfx;

/*
@@ -48,11 +49,27 @@ static inline bool check_xstate_in_sigframe(struct fxregs_state __user *buf_fx,
* fpstate layout with out copying the extended state information
* in the memory layout.
*/
- if (__get_user(magic2, (__u32 __user *)(fpstate + fx_sw->xstate_size)))
+ if (__get_user(magic2, (__u32 __user *)(buf + fx_sw->xstate_size)))
return false;
+ if (unlikely(magic2 != FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2))
+ goto err_setfx;

- if (likely(magic2 == FP_XSTATE_MAGIC2))
- return true;
+ if (fx_sw->xstate_size != fpstate->user_size ||
+ fx_sw->xfeatures != fpstate->user_xfeatures) {
+ unsigned int xsize;
+ u64 xfeatures;
+
+ /* Calculate size of enabled features only. */
+ xfeatures = fx_sw->xfeatures & fpstate->user_xfeatures;
+
+ xsize = xstate_calculate_size(xfeatures, false);
+ if (fx_sw->xstate_size < xsize)
+ return false;
+
+ fx_sw->xstate_size = xsize;
+ }
+
+ return true;
err_setfx:
/*
* The fallback to FX-only state is used to preserve backward
@@ -277,7 +294,8 @@ static int __restore_fpregs_from_user(void __user *buf, u64 task_xfeatures,
* Attempt to restore the FPU registers directly from user memory.
* Pagefaults are handled and any errors returned are fatal.
*/
-static bool restore_fpregs_from_user(void __user *buf, u64 xrestore_mask, bool fx_only)
+static bool restore_fpregs_from_user(void __user *buf, u64 xrestore_mask,
+ bool fx_only, size_t xstate_size)
{
struct fpu *fpu = x86_task_fpu(current);
int ret;
@@ -311,7 +329,7 @@ static bool restore_fpregs_from_user(void __user *buf, u64 xrestore_mask, bool f
if (ret != X86_TRAP_PF)
return false;

- if (!fault_in_readable(buf, fpu->fpstate->user_size))
+ if (!fault_in_readable(buf, xstate_size))
goto retry;
return false;
}
@@ -501,8 +519,10 @@ bool fpu__restore_sig(void __user *buf, int ia32_frame)

fx_only = !fx_sw_user.magic1;
xrestore_mask = fx_sw_user.xfeatures;
+ size = fx_sw_user.xstate_size;
} else {
xrestore_mask = XFEATURE_MASK_FPSSE;
+ size = fpu->fpstate->user_size;
}

if (ia32_fxstate) {
@@ -512,7 +532,7 @@ bool fpu__restore_sig(void __user *buf, int ia32_frame)
}

/* Restore the FPU registers directly from user memory. */
- success = restore_fpregs_from_user(buf_fx, xrestore_mask, fx_only);
+ success = restore_fpregs_from_user(buf_fx, xrestore_mask, fx_only, size);
out:
if (unlikely(!success))
fpu__clear_user_states(fpu);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
index fe0a29f599d2..4fe148338382 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ static bool __init check_xstate_against_struct(int nr)
return true;
}

-static unsigned int xstate_calculate_size(u64 xfeatures, bool compacted)
+unsigned int xstate_calculate_size(u64 xfeatures, bool compacted)
{
unsigned int topmost, offset, i;

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.h b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.h
index 38a2862f09d3..c73cf2444de6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.h
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ extern int copy_sigframe_from_user_to_xstate(struct task_struct *tsk, const void
extern void fpu__init_cpu_xstate(void);
extern void fpu__init_system_xstate(unsigned int legacy_size);

+extern unsigned int xstate_calculate_size(u64 xfeatures, bool compacted);
+
extern void __user *get_xsave_addr_user(struct xregs_state __user *xsave, int xfeature_nr);

static inline u64 xfeatures_mask_supervisor(void)
--
2.55.0.979.g7e5102b832-goog