[PATCH RFC 02/10] backlight: add Kinetic KTD3136 driver

From: YİĞİTCAN KAVAKLI via B4 Relay

Date: Fri Sep 11 2026 - 05:06:11 EST


From: YİĞİTCAN KAVAKLI <kavakliyigitcan@xxxxxxxxx>

Implement a generic Linux backlight driver for the Kinetic Technologies
KTD3136 36V, 6-channel LED driver.

The driver provides:
- Standard Linux backlight class interface (struct backlight_ops)
- 11-bit linear dimming resolution (0..2047 steps)
- Optional hardware enable (HWEN) GPIO sequencing
- Chip shutdown and register re-initialization upon resume/power-up
- Clean devm-managed resource allocation

Hardware evidence:
Tested on Qualcomm SM6125 platforms (Xiaomi Redmi Note 8) with smooth
dimming across the full 11-bit range and robust recovery across display
power cycles.

Signed-off-by: YİĞİTCAN KAVAKLI <kavakliyigitcan@xxxxxxxxx>
---
drivers/video/backlight/Kconfig | 12 ++
drivers/video/backlight/Makefile | 1 +
drivers/video/backlight/ktd3136-backlight.c | 262 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 275 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/video/backlight/Kconfig b/drivers/video/backlight/Kconfig
index dbf4ca23a9b6d8575a86e39618b312b4df43ea19..010e2ae3fa8cbd8e2f38e7941b373fbfeb5ede3f 100644
--- a/drivers/video/backlight/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/video/backlight/Kconfig
@@ -207,6 +207,18 @@ config BACKLIGHT_KTZ8866
Say Y to enable the backlight driver for the Kinetic KTZ8866
found in Xiaomi Mi Pad 5 series.

+config BACKLIGHT_KTD3136
+ tristate "Backlight Driver for Kinetic KTD3136"
+ depends on I2C
+ select REGMAP_I2C
+ help
+ Say Y to enable the backlight driver for the Kinetic Technologies
+ KTD3136 3-channel I2C-controlled LED backlight driver found in mobile
+ phones such as the Xiaomi Redmi Note 8.
+
+ To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will
+ be called ktd3136-backlight.
+
config BACKLIGHT_SY7758
tristate "Backlight Driver for Silergy SY7758"
depends on I2C
diff --git a/drivers/video/backlight/Makefile b/drivers/video/backlight/Makefile
index 34469711c6cd957dae63c7072ade4830879aba1a..c6d324f60e021afaab1a3da1b4de74f6f2acc8f8 100644
--- a/drivers/video/backlight/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/video/backlight/Makefile
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_IPAQ_MICRO) += ipaq_micro_bl.o
obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_KTD253) += ktd253-backlight.o
obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_KTD2801) += ktd2801-backlight.o
obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_KTZ8866) += ktz8866.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_KTD3136) += ktd3136-backlight.o
obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_LM3509) += lm3509_bl.o
obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_LM3533) += lm3533_bl.o
obj-$(CONFIG_BACKLIGHT_LM3630A) += lm3630a_bl.o
diff --git a/drivers/video/backlight/ktd3136-backlight.c b/drivers/video/backlight/ktd3136-backlight.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a8ebe3b23c99f3ada9f45c60688f8b8c78d72def
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/video/backlight/ktd3136-backlight.c
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Kinetic Technologies KTD3136 3-Channel LED Backlight Driver
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2026
+ */
+
+#include <linux/backlight.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
+#include <linux/i2c.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/of.h>
+#include <linux/property.h>
+#include <linux/regulator/consumer.h>
+
+#define KTD3136_REG_DEV_ID 0x00
+#define KTD3136_REG_SW_RESET 0x01
+#define KTD3136_REG_MODE 0x02
+#define KTD3136_REG_CONTROL 0x03
+#define KTD3136_REG_RATIO_LSB 0x04
+#define KTD3136_REG_RATIO_MSB 0x05
+#define KTD3136_REG_PWM 0x06
+#define KTD3136_REG_STATUS 0x0A
+
+#define KTD3136_DEV_ID_VAL 0x18
+#define KTD3136_DEV_ID_VAL2 0x19
+
+#define KTD3136_MODE_ON 0xC9 /* Boost ON, 3 channels enabled */
+#define KTD3136_MODE_STANDBY 0x98 /* Standby mode */
+#define KTD3136_CONTROL_LINEAR 0x02 /* Linear dimming mapping */
+#define KTD3136_PWM_DEFAULT 0x1B /* Default PWM/boost frequency */
+
+#define KTD3136_DEFAULT_MAX_BRIGHTNESS 2047 /* 11-bit resolution */
+#define KTD3136_DEFAULT_BRIGHTNESS 2047
+
+struct ktd3136_data {
+ struct i2c_client *client;
+ struct backlight_device *bd;
+ struct gpio_desc *enable_gpio;
+ struct regulator *vin;
+ /* Protects chip registers and state */
+ struct mutex lock;
+ bool is_enabled;
+};
+
+static int ktd3136_write(struct ktd3136_data *chip, u8 reg, u8 val)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(chip->client, reg, val);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ dev_err(&chip->client->dev, "failed to write reg 0x%02x: %d\n", reg, ret);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int ktd3136_read(struct ktd3136_data *chip, u8 reg)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(chip->client, reg);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ dev_err(&chip->client->dev, "failed to read reg 0x%02x: %d\n", reg, ret);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int ktd3136_power_on(struct ktd3136_data *chip)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ if (chip->is_enabled)
+ return 0;
+
+ if (chip->enable_gpio) {
+ gpiod_set_value_cansleep(chip->enable_gpio, 1);
+ /* Allow oscillator and internal logic to stabilize */
+ usleep_range(2000, 3000);
+ }
+
+ ret = ktd3136_write(chip, KTD3136_REG_CONTROL, KTD3136_CONTROL_LINEAR);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto err_off;
+
+ ret = ktd3136_write(chip, KTD3136_REG_PWM, KTD3136_PWM_DEFAULT);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto err_off;
+
+ chip->is_enabled = true;
+ return 0;
+
+err_off:
+ if (chip->enable_gpio)
+ gpiod_set_value_cansleep(chip->enable_gpio, 0);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void ktd3136_power_off(struct ktd3136_data *chip)
+{
+ if (!chip->is_enabled)
+ return;
+
+ ktd3136_write(chip, KTD3136_REG_MODE, KTD3136_MODE_STANDBY);
+
+ if (chip->enable_gpio)
+ gpiod_set_value_cansleep(chip->enable_gpio, 0);
+
+ chip->is_enabled = false;
+}
+
+static int ktd3136_update_status(struct backlight_device *bd)
+{
+ struct ktd3136_data *chip = bl_get_data(bd);
+ int brightness = backlight_get_brightness(bd);
+ int ret = 0;
+ u8 lsb, msb;
+
+ mutex_lock(&chip->lock);
+
+ if (backlight_is_blank(bd) || brightness == 0) {
+ ktd3136_power_off(chip);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ ret = ktd3136_power_on(chip);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ lsb = brightness & 0x07;
+ msb = (brightness >> 3) & 0xFF;
+
+ ret = ktd3136_write(chip, KTD3136_REG_RATIO_LSB, lsb);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = ktd3136_write(chip, KTD3136_REG_RATIO_MSB, msb);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ ret = ktd3136_write(chip, KTD3136_REG_MODE, KTD3136_MODE_ON);
+
+out:
+ mutex_unlock(&chip->lock);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static const struct backlight_ops ktd3136_backlight_ops = {
+ .options = BL_CORE_SUSPENDRESUME,
+ .update_status = ktd3136_update_status,
+};
+
+static int ktd3136_probe(struct i2c_client *client)
+{
+ struct device *dev = &client->dev;
+ struct backlight_properties props;
+ struct ktd3136_data *chip;
+ int ret, val;
+ u32 def_brightness = KTD3136_DEFAULT_BRIGHTNESS;
+ u32 max_brightness = KTD3136_DEFAULT_MAX_BRIGHTNESS;
+
+ chip = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!chip)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ chip->client = client;
+ mutex_init(&chip->lock);
+
+ chip->vin = devm_regulator_get_optional(dev, "vin");
+ if (IS_ERR(chip->vin)) {
+ ret = PTR_ERR(chip->vin);
+ if (ret != -ENODEV)
+ return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to get vin regulator\n");
+ chip->vin = NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (chip->vin) {
+ ret = regulator_enable(chip->vin);
+ if (ret)
+ return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to enable vin regulator\n");
+ }
+
+ chip->enable_gpio = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "enable", GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
+ if (IS_ERR(chip->enable_gpio))
+ return dev_err_probe(dev, PTR_ERR(chip->enable_gpio),
+ "Failed to get enable GPIO\n");
+
+ if (chip->enable_gpio)
+ usleep_range(2000, 3000);
+
+ val = ktd3136_read(chip, KTD3136_REG_DEV_ID);
+ if (val < 0)
+ return dev_err_probe(dev, val, "Failed to read device ID\n");
+
+ if (val != KTD3136_DEV_ID_VAL && val != KTD3136_DEV_ID_VAL2) {
+ dev_err(dev, "Unknown device ID: 0x%02x\n", val);
+ return -ENODEV;
+ }
+
+ dev_info(dev, "Kinetic KTD3136 detected (ID: 0x%02x)\n", val);
+
+ device_property_read_u32(dev, "max-brightness", &max_brightness);
+ if (max_brightness > KTD3136_DEFAULT_MAX_BRIGHTNESS)
+ max_brightness = KTD3136_DEFAULT_MAX_BRIGHTNESS;
+
+ device_property_read_u32(dev, "default-brightness", &def_brightness);
+ if (def_brightness > max_brightness)
+ def_brightness = max_brightness;
+
+ memset(&props, 0, sizeof(props));
+ props.type = BACKLIGHT_RAW;
+ props.max_brightness = max_brightness;
+ props.brightness = def_brightness;
+
+ chip->bd = devm_backlight_device_register(dev, dev_name(dev), dev, chip,
+ &ktd3136_backlight_ops, &props);
+ if (IS_ERR(chip->bd))
+ return dev_err_probe(dev, PTR_ERR(chip->bd),
+ "Failed to register backlight device\n");
+
+ backlight_update_status(chip->bd);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void ktd3136_remove(struct i2c_client *client)
+{
+ struct ktd3136_data *chip = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
+
+ if (chip)
+ ktd3136_power_off(chip);
+}
+
+static const struct of_device_id ktd3136_of_match[] = {
+ { .compatible = "kinetic,ktd3136" },
+ { }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, ktd3136_of_match);
+
+static const struct i2c_device_id ktd3136_i2c_id[] = {
+ { "ktd3136", 0 },
+ { }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c, ktd3136_i2c_id);
+
+static struct i2c_driver ktd3136_driver = {
+ .driver = {
+ .name = "ktd3136-backlight",
+ .of_match_table = ktd3136_of_match,
+ },
+ .probe = ktd3136_probe,
+ .remove = ktd3136_remove,
+ .id_table = ktd3136_i2c_id,
+};
+module_i2c_driver(ktd3136_driver);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Antigravity Team");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Kinetic Technologies KTD3136 Backlight Driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

--
2.47.3