[PATCH v2 1/3] KVM: arm64: selftests: Support five-level stage-1 page tables
From: Itaru Kitayama
Date: Mon Sep 14 2026 - 03:40:40 EST
Add support for populating and walking five-level stage-1 page tables.
A five-level translation starts at architectural level -1, so extend
the page-table helpers and level validation accordingly.
This enables the page-table infrastructure required by 52-bit VA
configurations using the 4K translation granule.
Signed-off-by: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Takayuki Okamoto <tokamoto@xxxxxxxxxxx>
---
.../selftests/kvm/include/arm64/processor.h | 1 +
tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/arm64/processor.c | 45 +++++++++++++++++++---
2 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/processor.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/processor.h
index b8a902ba8573..7457503df956 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/processor.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/arm64/processor.h
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@
#define PTE_VALID BIT(0)
#define PGD_TYPE_TABLE BIT(1)
+#define P4D_TYPE_TABLE BIT(1)
#define PUD_TYPE_TABLE BIT(1)
#define PMD_TYPE_TABLE BIT(1)
#define PTE_TYPE_PAGE BIT(1)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/arm64/processor.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/arm64/processor.c
index 01325bf4d36f..b589368bf822 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/arm64/processor.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/arm64/processor.c
@@ -29,13 +29,25 @@ static u64 pgd_index(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva)
return (gva >> shift) & mask;
}
+static u64 p4d_index(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva)
+{
+ unsigned int shift = 3 * (vm->page_shift - 3) + vm->page_shift;
+ u64 mask = (1UL << (vm->page_shift - 3)) - 1;
+
+ TEST_ASSERT(vm->mmu.pgtable_levels == 5,
+ "Mode %d does not have 5 page table levels", vm->mode);
+
+ return (gva >> shift) & mask;
+}
+
static u64 pud_index(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva)
{
unsigned int shift = 2 * (vm->page_shift - 3) + vm->page_shift;
u64 mask = (1UL << (vm->page_shift - 3)) - 1;
- TEST_ASSERT(vm->mmu.pgtable_levels == 4,
- "Mode %d does not have 4 page table levels", vm->mode);
+ TEST_ASSERT(vm->mmu.pgtable_levels >= 4,
+ "Mode %d does not have >= 4 page table levels",
+ vm->mode);
return (gva >> shift) & mask;
}
@@ -147,6 +159,12 @@ static void _virt_pg_map(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva, gpa_t gpa,
PGD_TYPE_TABLE | PTE_VALID);
switch (vm->mmu.pgtable_levels) {
+ case 5:
+ ptep = addr_gpa2hva(vm, pte_addr(vm, *ptep)) + p4d_index(vm, gva) * 8;
+ if (!*ptep)
+ *ptep = addr_pte(vm, vm_alloc_page_table(vm),
+ P4D_TYPE_TABLE | PTE_VALID);
+ /* fall through */
case 4:
ptep = addr_gpa2hva(vm, pte_addr(vm, *ptep)) + pud_index(vm, gva) * 8;
if (!*ptep)
@@ -163,7 +181,7 @@ static void _virt_pg_map(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva, gpa_t gpa,
ptep = addr_gpa2hva(vm, pte_addr(vm, *ptep)) + pte_index(vm, gva) * 8;
break;
default:
- TEST_FAIL("Page table levels must be 2, 3, or 4");
+ TEST_FAIL("Page table levels must be 2, 3, 4, or 5");
}
pg_attr = PTE_AF | PTE_ATTRINDX(attr_idx) | PTE_TYPE_PAGE | PTE_VALID;
@@ -182,18 +200,35 @@ void virt_arch_pg_map(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva, gpa_t gpa)
u64 *virt_get_pte_hva_at_level(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva, int level)
{
+ int start_level = 4 - vm->mmu.pgtable_levels;
u64 *ptep;
+ TEST_ASSERT(level >= start_level && level <= 3,
+ "Invalid translation level %d, valid range is %d-3",
+ level, start_level);
+
if (!vm->mmu.pgd_created)
goto unmapped_gva;
ptep = addr_gpa2hva(vm, vm->mmu.pgd) + pgd_index(vm, gva) * 8;
if (!ptep)
goto unmapped_gva;
- if (level == 0)
+ /*
+ * Stage-1 translation starts at level -1 for a five-level page
+ * table, and at levels 0, 1, or 2 for four-, three-, or two-level
+ * page tables, respectively.
+ */
+ if (level == start_level)
return ptep;
switch (vm->mmu.pgtable_levels) {
+ case 5:
+ ptep = addr_gpa2hva(vm, pte_addr(vm, *ptep)) + p4d_index(vm, gva) * 8;
+ if (!ptep)
+ goto unmapped_gva;
+ if (level == 0)
+ break;
+ /* fall through */
case 4:
ptep = addr_gpa2hva(vm, pte_addr(vm, *ptep)) + pud_index(vm, gva) * 8;
if (!ptep)
@@ -214,7 +249,7 @@ u64 *virt_get_pte_hva_at_level(struct kvm_vm *vm, gva_t gva, int level)
goto unmapped_gva;
break;
default:
- TEST_FAIL("Page table levels must be 2, 3, or 4");
+ TEST_FAIL("Page table levels must be 2, 3, 4, or 5");
}
return ptep;
--
2.43.0