[PATCH v18 20/23] KVM: arm64: CCA: Don't expose unsupported capabilities for realm guests

From: Suzuki K Poulose

Date: Tue Sep 15 2026 - 13:20:54 EST


Limit the capabilities that are allowed for Realm VMs. Similarly block
the vm_ioctls backed by the capabilities.

Repurpose the kvm_pkvm_ioctl_allowed() to support both pKVM and Realm
ioctls. Rename the helper to kvm_arch_vm_ioctl_allowed() and move it
into arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c. Also add a generic kvm_arch_vm_ext_allowed()
to handle pKVM and Realm capability filtering.

Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@xxxxxxx>
---
Changes since v17:
* Drop superfluous !kvm check from kvm_vm_ioctl_enable_cap() - Sashiko
* Drop KVM_CAP_CREATE_IRQCHIP, as we don't support VGIC_V2 for Realms
* Filter out the vm_ioctls that are based on blocked cap.
* Repurpose the pkvm plumbing for filtering the caps and ioctl to generic
and plumb the Realm support in
Changes since v13:
* Add missing check in kvm_vm_ioctl_enable_cap().
Changes since v10:
* Add a kvm_realm_ext_allowed() function which limits which extensions
are exposed to an allowlist. This removes the need for special casing
various extensions.
Changes since v7:
* Remove the helper functions and inline the kvm_is_realm() check with
a ternary operator.
* Rewrite the commit message to explain this patch.
---
arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h | 19 ----------
arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
2 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h
index e4ea80711bec6..1bc4fe2726e9b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h
@@ -53,25 +53,6 @@ static inline bool kvm_pkvm_ext_allowed(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
}
}

-/*
- * Check whether the KVM VM IOCTL is allowed in pKVM.
- *
- * Certain features are allowed only for non-protected VMs in pKVM, which is why
- * this takes the VM (kvm) as a parameter.
- */
-static inline bool kvm_pkvm_ioctl_allowed(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned int ioctl)
-{
- long ext;
- int r;
-
- r = kvm_get_cap_for_kvm_ioctl(ioctl, &ext);
-
- if (WARN_ON_ONCE(r < 0))
- return false;
-
- return kvm_pkvm_ext_allowed(kvm, ext);
-}
-
extern struct memblock_region kvm_nvhe_sym(hyp_memory)[];
extern unsigned int kvm_nvhe_sym(hyp_memblock_nr);

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
index 8ed7dd1ce446c..df0aa66b6f5ed 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c
@@ -136,6 +136,58 @@ int kvm_arch_vcpu_should_kick(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
return kvm_vcpu_exiting_guest_mode(vcpu) == IN_GUEST_MODE;
}

+static inline bool kvm_realm_ext_allowed(long ext)
+{
+ switch (ext) {
+ case KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI:
+ case KVM_CAP_ARM_PSCI_0_2:
+ case KVM_CAP_NR_VCPUS:
+ case KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS:
+ case KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID:
+ case KVM_CAP_MSI_DEVID:
+ case KVM_CAP_ARM_VM_IPA_SIZE:
+ case KVM_CAP_ARM_SVE:
+ case KVM_CAP_ONE_REG:
+ case KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_ADDRESS:
+ case KVM_CAP_ARM_PTRAUTH_GENERIC:
+ case KVM_CAP_SYNC_MMU:
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool kvm_arch_vm_ext_allowed(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
+{
+ /*
+ * We could be called with kvm as NULL, so can't use kvm_vm_* for pKVM
+ * flavors
+ */
+ if (is_protected_kvm_enabled())
+ return kvm_pkvm_ext_allowed(kvm, ext);
+ else if (kvm && kvm_vm_is_realm(kvm))
+ return kvm_realm_ext_allowed(ext);
+ else
+ return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether the KVM VM IOCTL is allowed.
+ *
+ * Certain features are allowed only for non-protected VMs in pKVM, which is why
+ * this takes the VM (kvm) as a parameter.
+ */
+static inline bool kvm_arch_vm_ioctl_allowed(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned int ioctl)
+{
+ long ext;
+ int r;
+
+ r = kvm_get_cap_for_kvm_ioctl(ioctl, &ext);
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(r < 0))
+ return false;
+
+ return kvm_arch_vm_ext_allowed(kvm, ext);
+}
+
int kvm_vm_ioctl_enable_cap(struct kvm *kvm,
struct kvm_enable_cap *cap)
{
@@ -144,7 +196,7 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_enable_cap(struct kvm *kvm,
if (cap->flags)
return -EINVAL;

- if (is_protected_kvm_enabled() && !kvm_pkvm_ext_allowed(kvm, cap->cap))
+ if (!kvm_arch_vm_ext_allowed(kvm, cap->cap))
return -EINVAL;

switch (cap->cap) {
@@ -418,7 +470,7 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_check_extension(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
{
int r;

- if (is_protected_kvm_enabled() && !kvm_pkvm_ext_allowed(kvm, ext))
+ if (!kvm_arch_vm_ext_allowed(kvm, ext))
return 0;

switch (ext) {
@@ -2150,7 +2202,7 @@ int kvm_arch_vm_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int ioctl, unsigned long arg)
void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
struct kvm_device_attr attr;

- if (is_protected_kvm_enabled() && !kvm_pkvm_ioctl_allowed(kvm, ioctl))
+ if (!kvm_arch_vm_ioctl_allowed(kvm, ioctl))
return -EINVAL;

switch (ioctl) {
--
2.43.0