[PATCH v21 05/15] KVM: arm64: Set PSTATE.EXLOCK when entering an exception

From: Mark Brown

Date: Wed Sep 30 2026 - 17:55:27 EST


As per DDI 0487 R_WTXBY we need to manage PSTATE.EXLOCK when entering an
exception, when the exception is entered from a lower EL the bit is cleared
while if entering from the same EL it is set to GCSCR_ELx.EXLOCKEN.
Implement this behaviour in enter_exception64().

Reviewed-by: Yuan Yao <yaoyuan@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Leonardo Bras <leo.bras@xxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h | 1 +
arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 38 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
index 15649a253a57..eed7f1226be6 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
#define PSR_C_BIT 0x20000000
#define PSR_Z_BIT 0x40000000
#define PSR_N_BIT 0x80000000
+#define PSR_EXLOCK_BIT 0x400000000

#define PSR_BTYPE_SHIFT 10

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c
index 754e2dc1df54..820849631df9 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c
@@ -49,6 +49,37 @@ static void __vcpu_write_spsr_und(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
vcpu->arch.ctxt.spsr_und = val;
}

+static bool set_exlock(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long mode,
+ unsigned long target_mode)
+{
+ u64 gcscr;
+
+ if (!kvm_has_gcs(kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)))
+ return false;
+
+ /* GCS can't be enabled for 32 bit */
+ if (mode & PSR_MODE32_BIT)
+ return false;
+
+ /* When taking an exception to a higher EL EXLOCK is cleared. */
+ if ((mode | PSR_MODE_THREAD_BIT) != target_mode)
+ return false;
+
+ /*
+ * When taking an exception to the same EL EXLOCK is set to
+ * the effective value of GCSCR_ELx.EXLOCKEN.
+ */
+ if (is_hyp_ctxt(vcpu))
+ gcscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, GCSCR_EL2);
+ else
+ gcscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, GCSCR_EL1);
+
+ if (gcscr & GCSCR_ELx_EXLOCKEN)
+ return true;
+
+ return false;
+}
+
/*
* This performs the exception entry at a given EL (@target_mode), stashing PC
* and PSTATE into ELR and SPSR respectively, and compute the new PC/PSTATE.
@@ -138,6 +169,12 @@ static void enter_exception64(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long target_mode,
// PSTATE.BTYPE is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages D1-2293 to D1-2294.

+ // PSTATE.EXLOCK is set to 0 upon any exception to a higher
+ // EL, or to GCSCR_ELx.EXLOCKEN for an exception to the same
+ // exception level. See ARM DDI 0487 R_WTXBY.
+ if (set_exlock(vcpu, mode, target_mode))
+ new |= PSR_EXLOCK_BIT;
+
new |= PSR_D_BIT;
new |= PSR_A_BIT;
new |= PSR_I_BIT;

--
2.47.3