[PATCH bpf-next 4/9] uprobes/x86: Don't WARN if an optimized probe can't be written

From: Alexei Starovoitov

Date: Wed Oct 21 2026 - 21:58:11 EST


From: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@xxxxxxxxxx>

__arch_uprobe_optimize() and set_orig_insn() do WARN_ON_ONCE() when
uprobe_write() fails, and user space can make it fail:
- -EINTR from get_user_pages_remote() when current is being killed.
- -ENOMEM when COW can't be broken, since memcg is at its limit.
- -EINVAL from __update_ref_ctr() when the process cleared the semaphore
of SDT probe.

Kill the processes that call probed nop10. It warns in 8 of 8 runs:

WARNING: arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c:1186 at arch_uprobe_optimize+0x291/0x3a0
uprobe_notify_resume+0x1c3/0x4c0
exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x63/0x4e0
exc_int3+0x1f3/0x250

The next patch calls set_orig_insn() from fork(). Kill the processes that
fork and keep mmap_lock busy, while a trace event on nop10 is enabled and
disabled. The kernel with the next two patches and without this one warns
in 3 of 3 runs. The whole series in 0 of 3:

WARNING: arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c:1161 at set_orig_insn+0x161/0x170
register_one_mm+0x154/0x180
uprobe_dup_mmap+0x61/0xb0
dup_mmap+0x149/0x9f0

The callers handle the error. arch_uprobe_optimize() marks uprobe as not
optimizable and byte 0 stays a breakpoint. set_orig_insn() returns
the error. Drop both WARNs.

This depends on the previous patch. Without it WARN was the only sign of
the bytes that set_orig_insn() cannot restore. Hence no Fixes tag.

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c | 9 +++------
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c b/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c
index 62bbe41c6466..33c35bf07801 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c
@@ -1170,11 +1170,8 @@ int set_orig_insn(struct arch_uprobe *auprobe, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
int ret = is_optimized(vma->vm_mm, vaddr);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
- if (ret) {
- ret = swbp_unoptimize(auprobe, vma, vaddr);
- WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
- return ret;
- }
+ if (ret)
+ return swbp_unoptimize(auprobe, vma, vaddr);
}
return uprobe_write_opcode(auprobe, vma, vaddr, *(uprobe_opcode_t *)&auprobe->insn,
false /* is_register */);
@@ -1197,7 +1194,7 @@ static int __arch_uprobe_optimize(struct arch_uprobe *auprobe, struct mm_struct
if (IS_ERR(tramp))
return PTR_ERR(tramp);
ret = swbp_optimize(auprobe, vma, vaddr, tramp->vm_start);
- if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret) && new_mapping)
+ if (ret && new_mapping)
WARN_ON_ONCE(do_munmap(mm, tramp->vm_start, PAGE_SIZE, NULL));
return ret;
}
--
2.55.0