[PATCH v2 1/2] KVM: arm64: Resume stage-2 teardown where the walk stopped

From: Fuad Tabba

Date: Wed Nov 04 2026 - 07:46:49 EST


Since commit 4ddfab5436b6 ("KVM: arm64: Reschedule as needed when
destroying the stage-2 page-tables"), kvm_stage2_destroy() walks the
IPA space one block-sized chunk at a time. The walker steps over an
invalid entry in one go, but the next walk starts at the following
chunk, so an invalid entry larger than a chunk is visited once for every
chunk it covers. Destroying a VM with a 52-bit IPA then takes 2^27 walks
with 16K pages (2^22 with 4K), however little it maps.

Have kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range() return the address its walk
reached, which kvm_pgtable_walk() doesn't expose, and resume from there.
pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range() returns the end of its range, and
EL2's kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy() ignores the value.

Suggested-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@xxxxxxx>
Suggested-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@xxxxxxxxx>
---
arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h | 8 ++++++--
arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h | 4 ++--
arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c | 15 ++++++++++++---
arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c | 4 ++--
arch/arm64/kvm/pkvm.c | 8 +++++---
5 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h
index 1c9c57cd6ae40..20b988e99e074 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h
@@ -599,9 +599,13 @@ void kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt);
*
* The page-table is assumed to be unreachable by any hardware walkers prior
* to freeing and therefore no TLB invalidation is performed.
+ *
+ * Return: the address the walk reached, which can be past @addr + @size
+ * when the range ends within a block or an invalid entry, or @addr + @size
+ * if the walk fails.
*/
-void kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
- u64 addr, u64 size);
+u64 kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
+ u64 addr, u64 size);

/**
* kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_pgd() - Destroy the PGD of guest stage-2 page-table.
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h
index fd042d2b54624..731632aa24520 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h
@@ -349,8 +349,8 @@ int __pkvm_handle_smccc_req(struct arm_smccc_res *res);

int pkvm_pgtable_stage2_init(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, struct kvm_s2_mmu *mmu,
struct kvm_pgtable_mm_ops *mm_ops);
-void pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
- u64 addr, u64 size);
+u64 pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
+ u64 addr, u64 size);
void pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_pgd(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt);
int pkvm_pgtable_stage2_map(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 addr, u64 size, u64 phys,
enum kvm_pgtable_prot prot, void *mc,
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c
index 9c83837b184d3..6bb1c0beb4dcc 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c
@@ -1653,16 +1653,25 @@ static int stage2_free_walker(const struct kvm_pgtable_visit_ctx *ctx,
}
}

-void kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
- u64 addr, u64 size)
+u64 kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
+ u64 addr, u64 size)
{
struct kvm_pgtable_walker walker = {
.cb = stage2_free_walker,
.flags = KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_LEAF |
KVM_PGTABLE_WALK_TABLE_POST,
};
+ struct kvm_pgtable_walk_data data = {
+ .walker = &walker,
+ .start = addr,
+ .addr = addr,
+ .end = addr + size,
+ };

- WARN_ON(kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, addr, size, &walker));
+ if (WARN_ON(_kvm_pgtable_walk(pgt, &data)))
+ return addr + size;
+
+ return data.addr;
}

void kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_pgd(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
index 1db10d8d6db73..4f1adadeffb8b 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c
@@ -1011,8 +1011,8 @@ static void stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, phys_addr_t addr,

do {
next = stage2_range_addr_end(addr, end);
- KVM_PGT_FN(kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range)(pgt, addr,
- next - addr);
+ next = KVM_PGT_FN(kvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range)(pgt, addr, next - addr);
+ next = min(next, end);
if (next != end)
cond_resched();
} while (addr = next, addr != end);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/pkvm.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/pkvm.c
index 016997288fd23..f21c3326dda68 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/pkvm.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/pkvm.c
@@ -499,14 +499,14 @@ static int __pkvm_pgtable_stage2_unshare(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt, u64 start, u64
return 0;
}

-void pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
- u64 addr, u64 size)
+u64 pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
+ u64 addr, u64 size)
{
struct kvm *kvm = kvm_s2_mmu_to_kvm(pgt->mmu);
pkvm_handle_t handle = kvm->arch.pkvm.handle;

if (!handle)
- return;
+ return addr + size;

if (pkvm_hyp_vm_is_created(kvm) && !kvm->arch.pkvm.is_dying) {
WARN_ON(kvm_call_hyp_nvhe(__pkvm_start_teardown_vm, handle));
@@ -517,6 +517,8 @@ void pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_range(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt,
__pkvm_pgtable_stage2_reclaim(pgt, addr, addr + size);
else
__pkvm_pgtable_stage2_unshare(pgt, addr, addr + size);
+
+ return addr + size;
}

void pkvm_pgtable_stage2_destroy_pgd(struct kvm_pgtable *pgt)
--
2.47.3