[PATCH] Bluetooth: hci_core: Hold hdev->lock when freeing an adv monitor

[Praneeth Balasubramanian]

hci_free_adv_monitor() removes a monitor from hdev->adv_monitors_idr and
frees it, and its comment says the caller must hold hdev->lock. Readers
such as read_adv_mon_features() walk adv_monitors_idr and dereference
each monitor under hdev->lock.

Since commit 7cf5c2978f23 ("Bluetooth: hci_sync: Refactor remove Adv
Monitor"), MGMT_OP_REMOVE_ADV_MONITOR runs from the cmd_sync work, which
holds only hci_req_sync_lock. On the HCI_ADV_MONITOR_EXT_NONE path, which
is also taken while the controller is powered off,
hci_remove_adv_monitor() then calls hci_free_adv_monitor() without
hdev->lock. A concurrent MGMT_OP_READ_ADV_MONITOR_FEATURES can load a
monitor pointer from the IDR and read monitor->handle after the monitor
has been freed.

The MSFT path already frees the monitor under hdev->lock, in
msft_le_cancel_monitor_advertisement_cb(). Take hdev->lock around
hci_free_adv_monitor() in hci_remove_adv_monitor() too. None of its
callers hold hdev->lock.

The missing lock was found with an LLM-based tool that checks callers
against the locking rules stated in kernel comments.

Fixes: 7cf5c2978f23 ("Bluetooth: hci_sync: Refactor remove Adv Monitor")
Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Praneeth Balasubramanian <praneeth@xxxxxxxx>
---

Notes:
    This was found by an LLM-based static analysis (GPT-5.6) that checks
    kernel code against the rules stated in its comments, as part of research
    at UCSB SecLab. The patch and changelog were drafted with Claude Opus 5.5.
    I reviewed the patch and take responsibility for it.
    
    MGMT commands need CAP_NET_ADMIN in the initial user namespace, so I am
    sending this as a regular fix rather than a security report.
    
    Testing: builds without new warnings with W=1 (x86_64, KASAN and lockdep
    config). Not runtime-tested.
    
    The patch applies to mainline 9ba46df34488 and to next-20261109.

 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/net/bluetooth/hci_core.c b/net/bluetooth/hci_core.c
index 74d9865e08c2..b66d3c295e5e 100644
--- a/net/bluetooth/hci_core.c
+++ b/net/bluetooth/hci_core.c
@@ -1966,7 +1966,10 @@ static int hci_remove_adv_monitor(struct hci_dev *hdev,
 	if (status == -ENOENT)
 		bt_dev_warn(hdev, "Removing monitor with no matching handle %d",
 			    monitor->handle);
+
+	hci_dev_lock(hdev);
 	hci_free_adv_monitor(hdev, monitor);
+	hci_dev_unlock(hdev);
 
 	return status;
 }
-- 
2.25.1