Re: [PATCH v5 28/32] x86/mm, kexec: Allow kexec to be used with SME
From: Tom Lendacky
Date: Fri May 19 2017 - 16:45:49 EST
On 5/17/2017 2:17 PM, Borislav Petkov wrote:
On Tue, Apr 18, 2017 at 04:21:21PM -0500, Tom Lendacky wrote:
Provide support so that kexec can be used to boot a kernel when SME is
enabled.
Support is needed to allocate pages for kexec without encryption. This
is needed in order to be able to reboot in the kernel in the same manner
as originally booted.
Additionally, when shutting down all of the CPUs we need to be sure to
flush the caches and then halt. This is needed when booting from a state
where SME was not active into a state where SME is active (or vice-versa).
Without these steps, it is possible for cache lines to exist for the same
physical location but tagged both with and without the encryption bit. This
can cause random memory corruption when caches are flushed depending on
which cacheline is written last.
Signed-off-by: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@xxxxxxx>
---
arch/x86/include/asm/init.h | 1 +
arch/x86/include/asm/irqflags.h | 5 +++++
arch/x86/include/asm/kexec.h | 8 ++++++++
arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h | 1 +
arch/x86/kernel/machine_kexec_64.c | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
arch/x86/kernel/process.c | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++++--
arch/x86/mm/ident_map.c | 11 +++++++----
include/linux/kexec.h | 14 ++++++++++++++
kernel/kexec_core.c | 7 +++++++
9 files changed, 101 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
...
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static int init_transition_pgtable(struct kimage *image, pgd_t *pgd)
set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(pte) | _KERNPG_TABLE));
}
pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
- set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(paddr >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC));
+ set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(paddr >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC_NOENC));
return 0;
err:
free_transition_pgtable(image);
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ static int init_pgtable(struct kimage *image, unsigned long start_pgtable)
.alloc_pgt_page = alloc_pgt_page,
.context = image,
.pmd_flag = __PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC,
+ .kernpg_flag = _KERNPG_TABLE_NOENC,
};
unsigned long mstart, mend;
pgd_t *level4p;
@@ -597,3 +598,35 @@ void arch_kexec_unprotect_crashkres(void)
{
kexec_mark_crashkres(false);
}
+
+int arch_kexec_post_alloc_pages(void *vaddr, unsigned int pages, gfp_t gfp)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ if (sme_active()) {
if (!sme_active())
return 0;
/*
* If SME...
Ok.
+ /*
+ * If SME is active we need to be sure that kexec pages are
+ * not encrypted because when we boot to the new kernel the
+ * pages won't be accessed encrypted (initially).
+ */
+ ret = set_memory_decrypted((unsigned long)vaddr, pages);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ if (gfp & __GFP_ZERO)
+ memset(vaddr, 0, pages * PAGE_SIZE);
This function is called after alloc_pages() which already zeroes memory
when __GFP_ZERO is supplied.
If you need to clear the memory *after* set_memory_encrypted() happens,
then you should probably mask out __GFP_ZERO before the alloc_pages()
call so as not to do it twice.
I'll look into that. I could put the memset() at the end of this
function so that it is done here no matter what. And update the
default arch_kexec_post_alloc_pages() to also do the memset(). It
just hides the clearing of the pages a bit though by doing that.
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void arch_kexec_pre_free_pages(void *vaddr, unsigned int pages)
+{
+ if (sme_active()) {
+ /*
+ * If SME is active we need to reset the pages back to being
+ * an encrypted mapping before freeing them.
+ */
+ set_memory_encrypted((unsigned long)vaddr, pages);
+ }
+}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
index 0bb8842..f4e5de6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
#include <linux/cpuidle.h>
#include <trace/events/power.h>
#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
+#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <asm/cpu.h>
#include <asm/apic.h>
#include <asm/syscalls.h>
@@ -355,8 +356,25 @@ bool xen_set_default_idle(void)
return ret;
}
#endif
+
void stop_this_cpu(void *dummy)
{
+ bool do_wbinvd_halt = false;
+
+ if (kexec_in_progress && boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SME)) {
+ /*
+ * If we are performing a kexec and the processor supports
+ * SME then we need to clear out cache information before
+ * halting. With kexec, going from SME inactive to SME active
+ * requires clearing cache entries so that addresses without
+ * the encryption bit set don't corrupt the same physical
+ * address that has the encryption bit set when caches are
+ * flushed. Perform a wbinvd followed by a halt to achieve
+ * this.
+ */
+ do_wbinvd_halt = true;
+ }
+
local_irq_disable();
/*
* Remove this CPU:
@@ -365,8 +383,12 @@ void stop_this_cpu(void *dummy)
disable_local_APIC();
mcheck_cpu_clear(this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_info));
- for (;;)
- halt();
+ for (;;) {
+ if (do_wbinvd_halt)
+ native_wbinvd_halt();
No need for that native_wbinvd_halt() thing:
for (;;) {
if (do_wbinvd)
wbinvd();
halt();
}
Actually there is. The above will result in data in the cache because
halt() turns into a function call if CONFIG_PARAVIRT is defined (refer
to the comment above where do_wbinvd_halt is set to true). I could make
this a native_wbinvd() and native_halt() as long as those are
guaranteed to never turn into function calls. But never say never, so
that's why I created native_wbinvd_halt().
Thanks,
Tom
/*
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/ident_map.c b/arch/x86/mm/ident_map.c
index 04210a2..2c9fd3e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/ident_map.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/ident_map.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ static void ident_pmd_init(struct x86_mapping_info *info, pmd_t *pmd_page,
static int ident_pud_init(struct x86_mapping_info *info, pud_t *pud_page,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
{
+ unsigned long kernpg_flag = info->kernpg_flag ? : _KERNPG_TABLE;
You're already supplying a x86_mapping_info and thus you can init
kernpg_flag to default _KERNPG_TABLE and override it in the SME+kexec
case, as you already do. And this way you can simply do:
set_pud(pud, __pud(__pa(pmd) | info->kernpg_flag));
here and in the other pagetable functions I've snipped below, and save
yourself some lines.
Ok, I'll check into that.
Thanks,
Tom
...