Re: [RFCv3 PATCH 1/6] uacce: Add documents for WarpDrive/uacce

From: Leon Romanovsky
Date: Mon Nov 12 2018 - 19:24:05 EST

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On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 03:58:02PM +0800, Kenneth Lee wrote:
> From: Kenneth Lee <liguozhu@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
>
> WarpDrive is a general accelerator framework for the user application to
> access the hardware without going through the kernel in data path.
>
> The kernel component to provide kernel facility to driver for expose the
> user interface is called uacce. It a short name for
> "Unified/User-space-access-intended Accelerator Framework".
>
> This patch add document to explain how it works.

+ RDMA and netdev folks

Sorry, to be late in the game, I don't see other patches, but from
the description below it seems like you are reinventing RDMA verbs
model. I have hard time to see the differences in the proposed
framework to already implemented in drivers/infiniband/* for the kernel
space and for the https://github.com/linux-rdma/rdma-core/ for the user
space parts.

Hard NAK from RDMA side.

Thanks

>
> Signed-off-by: Kenneth Lee <liguozhu@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
> Documentation/warpdrive/warpdrive.rst | 260 +++++++
> Documentation/warpdrive/wd-arch.svg | 764 ++++++++++++++++++++
> Documentation/warpdrive/wd.svg | 526 ++++++++++++++
> Documentation/warpdrive/wd_q_addr_space.svg | 359 +++++++++
> 4 files changed, 1909 insertions(+)
> create mode 100644 Documentation/warpdrive/warpdrive.rst
> create mode 100644 Documentation/warpdrive/wd-arch.svg
> create mode 100644 Documentation/warpdrive/wd.svg
> create mode 100644 Documentation/warpdrive/wd_q_addr_space.svg
>
> diff --git a/Documentation/warpdrive/warpdrive.rst b/Documentation/warpdrive/warpdrive.rst
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..ef84d3a2d462
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/Documentation/warpdrive/warpdrive.rst
> @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
> +Introduction of WarpDrive
> +=========================
> +
> +*WarpDrive* is a general accelerator framework for the user application to
> +access the hardware without going through the kernel in data path.
> +
> +It can be used as the quick channel for accelerators, network adaptors or
> +other hardware for application in user space.
> +
> +This may make some implementation simpler. E.g. you can reuse most of the
> +*netdev* driver in kernel and just share some ring buffer to the user space
> +driver for *DPDK* [4] or *ODP* [5]. Or you can combine the RSA accelerator with
> +the *netdev* in the user space as a https reversed proxy, etc.
> +
> +*WarpDrive* takes the hardware accelerator as a heterogeneous processor which
> +can share particular load from the CPU:
> +
> +.. image:: wd.svg
> + :alt: WarpDrive Concept
> +
> +The virtual concept, queue, is used to manage the requests sent to the
> +accelerator. The application send requests to the queue by writing to some
> +particular address, while the hardware takes the requests directly from the
> +address and send feedback accordingly.
> +
> +The format of the queue may differ from hardware to hardware. But the
> +application need not to make any system call for the communication.
> +
> +*WarpDrive* tries to create a shared virtual address space for all involved
> +accelerators. Within this space, the requests sent to queue can refer to any
> +virtual address, which will be valid to the application and all involved
> +accelerators.
> +
> +The name *WarpDrive* is simply a cool and general name meaning the framework
> +makes the application faster. It includes general user library, kernel
> +management module and drivers for the hardware. In kernel, the management
> +module is called *uacce*, meaning "Unified/User-space-access-intended
> +Accelerator Framework".
> +
> +
> +How does it work
> +================
> +
> +*WarpDrive* uses *mmap* and *IOMMU* to play the trick.
> +
> +*Uacce* creates a chrdev for the device registered to it. A "queue" will be
> +created when the chrdev is opened. The application access the queue by mmap
> +different address region of the queue file.
> +
> +The following figure demonstrated the queue file address space:
> +
> +.. image:: wd_q_addr_space.svg
> + :alt: WarpDrive Queue Address Space
> +
> +The first region of the space, device region, is used for the application to
> +write request or read answer to or from the hardware.
> +
> +Normally, there can be three types of device regions mmio and memory regions.
> +It is recommended to use common memory for request/answer descriptors and use
> +the mmio space for device notification, such as doorbell. But of course, this
> +is all up to the interface designer.
> +
> +There can be two types of device memory regions, kernel-only and user-shared.
> +This will be explained in the "kernel APIs" section.
> +
> +The Static Share Virtual Memory region is necessary only when the device IOMMU
> +does not support "Share Virtual Memory". This will be explained after the
> +*IOMMU* idea.
> +
> +
> +Architecture
> +------------
> +
> +The full *WarpDrive* architecture is represented in the following class
> +diagram:
> +
> +.. image:: wd-arch.svg
> + :alt: WarpDrive Architecture
> +
> +
> +The user API
> +------------
> +
> +We adopt a polling style interface in the user space: ::
> +
> + int wd_request_queue(struct wd_queue *q);
> + void wd_release_queue(struct wd_queue *q);
> +
> + int wd_send(struct wd_queue *q, void *req);
> + int wd_recv(struct wd_queue *q, void **req);
> + int wd_recv_sync(struct wd_queue *q, void **req);
> + void wd_flush(struct wd_queue *q);
> +
> +wd_recv_sync() is a wrapper to its non-sync version. It will trapped into
> +kernel and waits until the queue become available.
> +
> +If the queue do not support SVA/SVM. The following helper function
> +can be used to create Static Virtual Share Memory: ::
> +
> + void *wd_preserve_share_memory(struct wd_queue *q, size_t size);
> +
> +The user API is not mandatory. It is simply a suggestion and hint what the
> +kernel interface is supposed to support.
> +
> +
> +The user driver
> +---------------
> +
> +The queue file mmap space will need a user driver to wrap the communication
> +protocol. *UACCE* provides some attributes in sysfs for the user driver to
> +match the right accelerator accordingly.
> +
> +The *UACCE* device attribute is under the following directory:
> +
> +/sys/class/uacce/<dev-name>/params
> +
> +The following attributes is supported:
> +
> +nr_queue_remained (ro)
> + number of queue remained
> +
> +api_version (ro)
> + a string to identify the queue mmap space format and its version
> +
> +device_attr (ro)
> + attributes of the device, see UACCE_DEV_xxx flag defined in uacce.h
> +
> +numa_node (ro)
> + id of numa node
> +
> +priority (rw)
> + Priority or the device, bigger is higher
> +
> +(This is not yet implemented in RFC version)
> +
> +
> +The kernel API
> +--------------
> +
> +The *uacce* kernel API is defined in uacce.h. If the hardware support SVM/SVA,
> +The driver need only the following API functions: ::
> +
> + int uacce_register(uacce);
> + void uacce_unregister(uacce);
> + void uacce_wake_up(q);
> +
> +*uacce_wake_up* is used to notify the process who epoll() on the queue file.
> +
> +According to the IOMMU capability, *uacce* categories the devices as follow:
> +
> +UACCE_DEV_NOIOMMU
> + The device has no IOMMU. The user process cannot use VA on the hardware
> + This mode is not recommended.
> +
> +UACCE_DEV_SVA (UACCE_DEV_PASID | UACCE_DEV_FAULT_FROM_DEV)
> + The device has IOMMU which can share the same page table with user
> + process
> +
> +UACCE_DEV_SHARE_DOMAIN
> + The device has IOMMU which has no multiple page table and device page
> + fault support
> +
> +If the device works in mode other than UACCE_DEV_NOIOMMU, *uacce* will set its
> +IOMMU to IOMMU_DOMAIN_UNMANAGED. So the driver must not use any kernel
> +DMA API but the following ones from *uacce* instead: ::
> +
> + uacce_dma_map(q, va, size, prot);
> + uacce_dma_unmap(q, va, size, prot);
> +
> +*uacce_dma_map/unmap* is valid only for UACCE_DEV_SVA device. It creates a
> +particular PASID and page table for the kernel in the IOMMU (Not yet
> +implemented in the RFC)
> +
> +For the UACCE_DEV_SHARE_DOMAIN device, uacce_dma_map/unmap is not valid.
> +*Uacce* call back start_queue only when the DUS and DKO region is mmapped. The
> +accelerator driver must use those dma buffer, via uacce_queue->qfrs[], on
> +start_queue call back. The size of the queue file region is defined by
> +uacce->ops->qf_pg_start[].
> +
> +We have to do it this way because most of current IOMMU cannot support the
> +kernel and user virtual address at the same time. So we have to let them both
> +share the same user virtual address space.
> +
> +If the device have to support kernel and user at the same time, both kernel
> +and the user should use these DMA API. This is not convenient. A better
> +solution is to change the future DMA/IOMMU design to let them separate the
> +address space between the user and kernel space. But it is not going to be in
> +a short time.
> +
> +
> +Multiple processes support
> +==========================
> +
> +In the latest mainline kernel (4.19) when this document is written, the IOMMU
> +subsystem do not support multiple process page tables yet.
> +
> +Most IOMMU hardware implementation support multi-process with the concept
> +of PASID. But they may use different name, e.g. it is call sub-stream-id in
> +SMMU of ARM. With PASID or similar design, multi page table can be added to
> +the IOMMU and referred by its PASID.
> +
> +*JPB* has a patchset to enable this[1]_. We have tested it with our hardware
> +(which is known as *D06*). It works well. *WarpDrive* rely on them to support
> +UACCE_DEV_SVA. If it is not enabled, *WarpDrive* can still work. But it
> +support only one process, the device will be set to UACCE_DEV_SHARE_DOMAIN
> +even it is set to UACCE_DEV_SVA initially.
> +
> +Static Share Virtual Memory is mainly used by UACCE_DEV_SHARE_DOMAIN device.
> +
> +
> +Legacy Mode Support
> +===================
> +For the hardware without IOMMU, WarpDrive can still work, the only problem is
> +VA cannot be used in the device. The driver should adopt another strategy for
> +the shared memory. It is only for testing, and not recommended.
> +
> +
> +The Folk Scenario
> +=================
> +For a process with allocated queues and shared memory, what happen if it forks
> +a child?
> +
> +The fd of the queue will be duplicated on folk, so the child can send request
> +to the same queue as its parent. But the requests which is sent from processes
> +except for the one who open the queue will be blocked.
> +
> +It is recommended to add O_CLOEXEC to the queue file.
> +
> +The queue mmap space has a VM_DONTCOPY in its VMA. So the child will lost all
> +those VMAs.
> +
> +This is why *WarpDrive* does not adopt the mode used in *VFIO* and *InfiniBand*.
> +Both solutions can set any user pointer for hardware sharing. But they cannot
> +support fork when the dma is in process. Or the "Copy-On-Write" procedure will
> +make the parent process lost its physical pages.
> +
> +
> +The Sample Code
> +===============
> +There is a sample user land implementation with a simple driver for Hisilicon
> +Hi1620 ZIP Accelerator.
> +
> +To test, do the following in samples/warpdrive (for the case of PC host): ::
> + ./autogen.sh
> + ./conf.sh # or simply ./configure if you build on target system
> + make
> +
> +Then you can get test_hisi_zip in the test subdirectory. Copy it to the target
> +system and make sure the hisi_zip driver is enabled (the major and minor of
> +the uacce chrdev can be gotten from the dmesg or sysfs), and run: ::
> + mknod /dev/ua1 c <major> <minior>
> + test/test_hisi_zip -z < data > data.zip
> + test/test_hisi_zip -g < data > data.gzip
> +
> +
> +References
> +==========
> +.. [1] https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/10394851/
> +
> +.. vim: tw=78
> diff --git a/Documentation/warpdrive/wd-arch.svg b/Documentation/warpdrive/wd-arch.svg
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..e59934188443
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/Documentation/warpdrive/wd-arch.svg
> @@ -0,0 +1,764 @@
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> +
> +
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> --
> 2.17.1
>

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