Re: [patch V5 00/26] posix-timers: Cure the SIG_IGN mess

From: Eric W. Biederman
Date: Tue Oct 01 2024 - 16:49:30 EST


Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> writes:

> This are the remaining bits to cure the SIG_IGN mess. Version 4 can be found
> here:
>
> https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20240927083900.989915582@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
>
> Last year I reread a 15 years old comment about the SIG_IGN problem:
>
> "FIXME: What we really want, is to stop this timer completely and restart
> it in case the SIG_IGN is removed. This is a non trivial change which
> involves sighand locking (sigh !), which we don't want to do late in the
> release cycle. ... A more complex fix which solves also another related
> inconsistency is already in the pipeline."
>
> The embarrasing part was that I put that comment in back then. So I went
> back and rumaged through old notes as I completely had forgotten why our
> attempts to fix this back then failed.
>
> It turned out that the comment is about right: sighand locking and life
> time issues. So I sat down with the old notes and started to wrap my head
> around this again.
>
> The problem to solve:
>
> Posix interval timers are not rearmed automatically by the kernel for
> various reasons:
>
> 1) To prevent DoS by extremly short intervals.
> 2) To avoid timer overhead when a signal is pending and has not
> yet been delivered.
>
> This is achieved by queueing the signal at timer expiry and rearming the
> timer at signal delivery to user space. This puts the rearming basically
> under scheduler control and the work happens in context of the task which
> asked for the signal.
>
> There is a problem with that vs. SIG_IGN. If a signal has SIG_IGN installed
> as handler, the related signals are discarded. So in case of posix interval
> timers this means that such a timer is never rearmed even when SIG_IGN is
> replaced later with a real handler (including SIG_DFL).
>
> To work around that the kernel self rearms those timers and throttles them
> when the interval is smaller than a tick to prevent a DoS.
>
> That just keeps timers ticking, which obviously has effects on power and
> just creates work for nothing.
>
> So ideally these timers should be stopped and rearmed when SIG_IGN is
> replaced, which aligns with the regular handling of posix timers.
>
> Sounds trivial, but isn't:
>
> 1) Lock ordering.
>
> The timer lock cannot be taken with sighand lock held which is
> problematic vs. the atomicity of sigaction().
>
> 2) Life time rules
>
> The timer and the sigqueue are separate entities which requires a
> lookup of the timer ID in the signal rearm code. This can be handled,
> but the separate life time rules are not necessarily robust.
>
> 3) Finding the relevant timers
>
> Obviosly it is possible to walk the posix timer list under sighand
> lock and handle it from there. That can be expensive especially in the
> case that there are no affected timers as the walk would just end up
> doing nothing.
>
> The following series is a new and this time actually working attempt to
> solve this. It addresses it by:
>
> 1) Embedding the preallocated sigqueue into struct k_itimer, which makes
> the life time rules way simpler and just needs a trivial reference
> count.
>
> 2) Having a separate list in task::signal on which ignored timers are
> queued.
>
> This avoids walking a potentially large timer list for nothing on a
> SIG_IGN to handler transition.
>
> 3) Requeueing the timers signal in the relevant signal queue so the timer
> is rearmed when the signal is actually delivered
>
> That turned out to be the least complicated way to address the sighand
> lock vs. timer lock ordering issue.
>
> With that timers which have their signal ignored are not longer self
> rearmed and the relevant workarounds including throttling for DoS
> prevention are removed.
>
> The series is also available from git:
>
> git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tglx/devel.git posixt-v5
>
> Changes vs. V4:
>
> - Remove the si_sys_private restrictions - Eric
>
> - Hand down the pointer to the preallocated sigqueue instead of relying
> on si_sys_priv* magic - Eric

For the bits removing the dependency on si_sys_private
Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xxxxxxxxxxxx>

There are a lot of slightly subtle things going on in the surrounding
patches that my brain glossed over, so I can't speak for them, but
the removal of si_sys_private looks good.

Eric

> Thanks,
>
> tglx
> ---
> drivers/power/supply/charger-manager.c | 3
> fs/proc/base.c | 4
> fs/timerfd.c | 4
> include/linux/alarmtimer.h | 10
> include/linux/posix-timers.h | 70 ++++
> include/linux/sched/signal.h | 4
> init/init_task.c | 5
> kernel/fork.c | 1
> kernel/signal.c | 465 +++++++++++++++++++--------------
> kernel/time/alarmtimer.c | 87 ------
> kernel/time/itimer.c | 22 +
> kernel/time/posix-cpu-timers.c | 38 +-
> kernel/time/posix-timers.c | 222 +++++++--------
> kernel/time/posix-timers.h | 8
> net/netfilter/xt_IDLETIMER.c | 4
> 15 files changed, 502 insertions(+), 445 deletions(-)