[PATCH bpf v2 2/2] selftests/bpf: Test TCP_NODELAY in TCP hdr opt callbacks

From: KaFai Wan

Date: Thu Apr 16 2026 - 07:26:46 EST


Add a sockops selftest for the TCP_NODELAY restriction in
BPF_SOCK_OPS_HDR_OPT_LEN_CB and BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB.

The test program calls bpf_setsockopt(TCP_NODELAY) from
ACTIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB and PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB to verify that it is
still allowed outside the TCP header option callbacks.

It then enables BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG, sends data to
exercise the TCP header option path, and checks that
bpf_setsockopt(TCP_NODELAY) returns -EOPNOTSUPP from both
BPF_SOCK_OPS_HDR_OPT_LEN_CB and BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB while the
connection continues to make forward progress.

Signed-off-by: KaFai Wan <kafai.wan@xxxxxxxxx>
---
.../bpf/prog_tests/tcp_hdr_options.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++++
.../bpf/progs/test_misc_tcp_hdr_options.c | 40 ++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 94 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/tcp_hdr_options.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/tcp_hdr_options.c
index 56685fc03c7e..2d738c0c4259 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/tcp_hdr_options.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/tcp_hdr_options.c
@@ -513,6 +513,59 @@ static void misc(void)
bpf_link__destroy(link);
}

+static void hdr_sockopt(void)
+{
+ const char send_msg[] = "MISC!!!";
+ char recv_msg[sizeof(send_msg)];
+ const unsigned int nr_data = 2;
+ struct bpf_link *link;
+ struct sk_fds sk_fds;
+ int i, ret, true_val = 1;
+
+ lport_linum_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(misc_skel->maps.lport_linum_map);
+
+ link = bpf_program__attach_cgroup(misc_skel->progs.misc_hdr_sockopt, cg_fd);
+ if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(link, "attach_cgroup(misc_hdr_sockopt)"))
+ return;
+
+ if (sk_fds_connect(&sk_fds, false)) {
+ bpf_link__destroy(link);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ ret = setsockopt(sk_fds.active_fd, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &true_val, sizeof(true_val));
+ if (!ASSERT_OK(ret, "setsockopt(TCP_NODELAY) active"))
+ goto check_linum;
+
+ ret = setsockopt(sk_fds.passive_fd, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &true_val, sizeof(true_val));
+ if (!ASSERT_OK(ret, "setsockopt(TCP_NODELAY) passive"))
+ goto check_linum;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_data; i++) {
+ ret = send(sk_fds.active_fd, send_msg, sizeof(send_msg), 0);
+ if (!ASSERT_EQ(ret, sizeof(send_msg), "send(msg)"))
+ goto check_linum;
+
+ ret = read(sk_fds.passive_fd, recv_msg, sizeof(recv_msg));
+ if (!ASSERT_EQ(ret, sizeof(send_msg), "read(msg)"))
+ goto check_linum;
+ }
+
+ ASSERT_NEQ(misc_skel->bss->nr_hdr_sockopt_estab, 0, "nr_hdr_sockopt_estab");
+ ASSERT_EQ(misc_skel->bss->nr_hdr_sockopt_estab_err, 0, "nr_hdr_sockopt_estab_err");
+
+ ASSERT_NEQ(misc_skel->bss->nr_hdr_sockopt_len, 0, "nr_hdr_sockopt_len");
+ ASSERT_EQ(misc_skel->bss->nr_hdr_sockopt_len_err, 0, "nr_hdr_sockopt_len_err");
+
+ ASSERT_NEQ(misc_skel->bss->nr_hdr_sockopt_write, 0, "nr_hdr_sockopt_write");
+ ASSERT_EQ(misc_skel->bss->nr_hdr_sockopt_write_err, 0, "nr_hdr_sockopt_write_err");
+
+check_linum:
+ ASSERT_FALSE(check_error_linum(&sk_fds), "check_error_linum");
+ sk_fds_close(&sk_fds);
+ bpf_link__destroy(link);
+}
+
struct test {
const char *desc;
void (*run)(void);
@@ -526,6 +579,7 @@ static struct test tests[] = {
DEF_TEST(fastopen_estab),
DEF_TEST(fin),
DEF_TEST(misc),
+ DEF_TEST(hdr_sockopt),
};

void test_tcp_hdr_options(void)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_misc_tcp_hdr_options.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_misc_tcp_hdr_options.c
index d487153a839d..a8cf7c4e7ed2 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_misc_tcp_hdr_options.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_misc_tcp_hdr_options.c
@@ -28,6 +28,12 @@ unsigned int nr_data = 0;
unsigned int nr_syn = 0;
unsigned int nr_fin = 0;
unsigned int nr_hwtstamp = 0;
+unsigned int nr_hdr_sockopt_estab = 0;
+unsigned int nr_hdr_sockopt_estab_err = 0;
+unsigned int nr_hdr_sockopt_len = 0;
+unsigned int nr_hdr_sockopt_len_err = 0;
+unsigned int nr_hdr_sockopt_write = 0;
+unsigned int nr_hdr_sockopt_write_err = 0;

/* Check the header received from the active side */
static int __check_active_hdr_in(struct bpf_sock_ops *skops, bool check_syn)
@@ -326,4 +332,38 @@ int misc_estab(struct bpf_sock_ops *skops)
return CG_OK;
}

+SEC("sockops")
+int misc_hdr_sockopt(struct bpf_sock_ops *skops)
+{
+ int true_val = 1;
+ int ret;
+
+ switch (skops->op) {
+ case BPF_SOCK_OPS_ACTIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB:
+ case BPF_SOCK_OPS_PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB:
+ nr_hdr_sockopt_estab++;
+ set_hdr_cb_flags(skops, 0);
+ ret = bpf_setsockopt(skops, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &true_val, sizeof(true_val));
+ if (ret)
+ nr_hdr_sockopt_estab_err++;
+ break;
+ case BPF_SOCK_OPS_HDR_OPT_LEN_CB:
+ nr_hdr_sockopt_len++;
+ ret = bpf_setsockopt(skops, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &true_val, sizeof(true_val));
+ if (ret != -EOPNOTSUPP)
+ nr_hdr_sockopt_len_err++;
+ /* just trigger BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB */
+ bpf_reserve_hdr_opt(skops, 12, 0);
+ break;
+ case BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB:
+ nr_hdr_sockopt_write++;
+ ret = bpf_setsockopt(skops, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &true_val, sizeof(true_val));
+ if (ret != -EOPNOTSUPP)
+ nr_hdr_sockopt_write_err++;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return CG_OK;
+}
+
char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
--
2.43.0