[PATCH v4 1/2] block: suspend bio based disks around queue limits updates

From: Jack Wang

Date: Thu Nov 12 2026 - 08:47:53 EST


queue_attr_store() freezes the queue under q->limits_lock. For md this can
deadlock: a bio parked while the array is suspended still holds a
q_usage_counter reference, so the freeze waits for it, while the suspender
waits for reconfig_mutex held by md_start_sync(), which waits for
q->limits_lock.

Add optional ->suspend() and ->resume() block_device_operations. When
present, queue_attr_store() and the integrity flag_store() suspend the disk
before taking q->limits_lock and commit the limits without freezing the
queue. Other disks behave as before.

Fixes: c99f66e4084a ("block: fix queue freeze vs limits lock order in sysfs store methods")
Suggested-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@xxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
block/blk-integrity.c | 10 ++++++++--
block/blk-sysfs.c | 19 +++++++++++++------
block/blk.h | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
include/linux/blkdev.h | 7 +++++++
4 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/block/blk-integrity.c b/block/blk-integrity.c
index 964eebbee14d..b449e7c04eea 100644
--- a/block/blk-integrity.c
+++ b/block/blk-integrity.c
@@ -226,7 +226,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blk_integrity_profile_name);
static ssize_t flag_store(struct device *dev, const char *page, size_t count,
unsigned char flag)
{
- struct request_queue *q = dev_to_disk(dev)->queue;
+ struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+ struct request_queue *q = disk->queue;
struct queue_limits lim;
unsigned long val;
int err;
@@ -235,6 +236,10 @@ static ssize_t flag_store(struct device *dev, const char *page, size_t count,
if (err)
return err;

+ err = blk_disk_suspend(disk);
+ if (err)
+ return err;
+
/* note that the flags are inverted vs the values in the sysfs files */
lim = queue_limits_start_update(q);
if (val)
@@ -242,7 +247,8 @@ static ssize_t flag_store(struct device *dev, const char *page, size_t count,
else
lim.integrity.flags |= flag;

- err = queue_limits_commit_update_frozen(q, &lim);
+ err = blk_disk_commit_limits(disk, &lim);
+ blk_disk_resume(disk);
if (err)
return err;
return count;
diff --git a/block/blk-sysfs.c b/block/blk-sysfs.c
index 520972676ab4..3cbe36d04699 100644
--- a/block/blk-sysfs.c
+++ b/block/blk-sysfs.c
@@ -887,20 +887,27 @@ queue_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr,
return -EIO;

if (entry->store_limit) {
+ struct queue_limits lim;
ssize_t res;

- struct queue_limits lim = queue_limits_start_update(q);
+ res = blk_disk_suspend(disk);
+ if (res)
+ return res;
+
+ lim = queue_limits_start_update(q);

res = entry->store_limit(disk, page, length, &lim);
if (res < 0) {
queue_limits_cancel_update(q);
- return res;
+ goto out_resume;
}

- res = queue_limits_commit_update_frozen(q, &lim);
- if (res)
- return res;
- return length;
+ res = blk_disk_commit_limits(disk, &lim);
+ if (!res)
+ res = length;
+out_resume:
+ blk_disk_resume(disk);
+ return res;
}

return entry->store(disk, page, length);
diff --git a/block/blk.h b/block/blk.h
index ed2172472622..1c214f0bc178 100644
--- a/block/blk.h
+++ b/block/blk.h
@@ -661,6 +661,26 @@ void drop_partition(struct block_device *part);

void bdev_set_nr_sectors(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t sectors);

+/* Suspend before queue_limits_start_update(), never under q->limits_lock. */
+static inline int blk_disk_suspend(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+ return disk->fops->suspend ? disk->fops->suspend(disk) : 0;
+}
+
+static inline void blk_disk_resume(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+ if (disk->fops->suspend)
+ disk->fops->resume(disk);
+}
+
+static inline int blk_disk_commit_limits(struct gendisk *disk,
+ struct queue_limits *lim)
+{
+ if (disk->fops->suspend)
+ return queue_limits_commit_update(disk->queue, lim);
+ return queue_limits_commit_update_frozen(disk->queue, lim);
+}
+
struct gendisk *__alloc_disk_node(struct request_queue *q, int node_id,
struct lock_class_key *lkclass);
struct request_queue *blk_alloc_queue(struct queue_limits *lim, int node_id);
diff --git a/include/linux/blkdev.h b/include/linux/blkdev.h
index 0c2010230632..0011b7c0740f 100644
--- a/include/linux/blkdev.h
+++ b/include/linux/blkdev.h
@@ -1601,6 +1601,13 @@ struct block_device_operations {
enum blk_unique_id id_type);
int (*init_dma_buf_io_ctx)(struct block_device *,
struct dma_buf_io_ctx *);
+ /*
+ * Optional, for bio based drivers that cannot be frozen under
+ * q->limits_lock: stop I/O around a sysfs limits update. Called
+ * before q->limits_lock is taken, with no queue frozen.
+ */
+ int (*suspend)(struct gendisk *disk);
+ void (*resume)(struct gendisk *disk);
struct module *owner;
const struct pr_ops *pr_ops;

--
2.43.0