Re: [PATCH 4/4] iio: adc: stm32-dfsdm: add scale and offset support

From: Olivier MOYSAN
Date: Fri Sep 10 2021 - 11:57:33 EST

Hi Jonathan,

On 9/10/21 4:05 PM, Olivier MOYSAN wrote:



ST Restricted

-----Original Message-----
From: Jonathan Cameron <jic23@xxxxxxxxxx>
Sent: vendredi 14 février 2020 16:10
To: Olivier MOYSAN <olivier.moysan@xxxxxx>
Cc: robh+dt@xxxxxxxxxx; mark.rutland@xxxxxxx; knaack.h@xxxxxx; lars@xxxxxxxxxx; devicetree@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; linux-iio@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; pmeerw@xxxxxxxxxx; linux-stm32@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; linux-arm-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: Re: [PATCH 4/4] iio: adc: stm32-dfsdm: add scale and offset support

On Fri, 14 Feb 2020 14:49:18 +0000
Olivier MOYSAN <olivier.moysan@xxxxxx> wrote:

Hi Jonathan,

On 2/14/20 2:11 PM, Jonathan Cameron wrote:
On Tue, 11 Feb 2020 15:19:01 +0000
Olivier MOYSAN <olivier.moysan@xxxxxx> wrote:
Hi Jonathan,

On 2/8/20 5:18 PM, Jonathan Cameron wrote:
On Tue, 4 Feb 2020 11:10:08 +0100
Olivier Moysan <olivier.moysan@xxxxxx> wrote:
Add scale and offset attributes support to STM32 DFSDM.

Signed-off-by: Olivier Moysan <olivier.moysan@xxxxxx>
Hmm. I can't remember this history of this but we've kind of ended
up backwards wrt to other consumer drivers.

In some sense this is similar to the analog gyroscopes. In those
the consumer driver is the gyroscope which is consuming the raw
readings from an ADC connected to the channel. This results in us
getting readings reported by the gyroscope driver.

Here we have a sigma delta convertor consuming the pulse train
from a sigma delta device. So the channels are reported by the
sigma delta receiver, whereas i think the nearest equivalent to
the analog voltage outputing gyroscopes would have been if we had
reported the channel values at the sigma delta converter.
The DFSDM driver is currently used as a consumer of the sd modulator.
The scale and offset values of the channels are already computed by
the DFSDM driver, and provided by this driver to the IIO ABI.
However, the DFSDM has no voltage reference, so it has to retrieve
it from sd-modulator channels, for the scale factor computation.

                                    scale  offset
                                      ^      ^
                                      |      |       IIO ABI
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
         +---------------+          +-------------+
         |sd driver      |          |DFSDM driver |
         +---------------+          +-------------+
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
                                                         HW
         +---------------+          +-------------+
+------->+ sd-modulator  +--------->+ DFSDM +-------->
analog   +------+--------+          +-------------+ output input
^
                | vref
                +


Is it the topology your are expecting ?
It's not the one we'd expect if we are aligning with similar cases
elsewhere in IIO. For example, if we attach an analog accelerometer
to an ADC, we report the accel channels on the accelerometer not the
ADC. The equivalent would be to see the DFSDM as providing a
conversion service to the SD device which is actually executing the
measurement and has the input channels.


         scale  offset raw
           ^      ^ ^
           |      |     |    IIO ABI
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
         +---------------+          +-------------+
         |sd driver      |          |DFSDM driver |
         +---------------+          +-------------+
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
                                                         HW
         +---------------+          +-------------+
+------->+ sd-modulator  +--------->+ DFSDM +-------->
analog   +------+--------+          +-------------+ output
input           ^
                | vref
                +
Thanks for your clarification.
ok, moving to this logic is a significant change.
I need to evaluate further the impact on the dfsdm driver.

Understood! If we can't do it without potentially breaking users then such is life.

Jonathan


I come back to this old, but still valid topic.
You mentioned the example of analog gyroscopes in a previous message.
Looking at gyroscope drivers, I found rcar-gyroadc driver which shows requirements similar to dfsdm needs:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/iio/adc/renesas%2Crcar-gyroadc.yaml

rcar-gyroadc driver main characterisitics:
- the parent device (gyroadc) is a consumer of sub devices (SPI ADCs)
- the channels are populated from the sub devices
- the iio device is associated to the parent device


I took the example of gyroadc to reconsider dfsdm topology and explore some variants according to IIO devices use.

1) current topology: one IIO device per SD modulator and one iio device per DFSDM filter
The DFSDM is used as a consumer of SD modulator through the hw
consumer API.
* cons
- SD modulator and DFSDM filter have their own channel
specification.
- DFSDM retrieves channels scale information from SD
modulator to initialized its channels
- SD modulator IIO sysfs interface is useless

+------------+ +-------+ +---------+ sysfs
| sd0 iiodev | --> | chan0 | --> | filter0 | ------->
+------------+ +-------+ +---------+
| ^
| sysfs |
v |
|
|
|
+------------+ +-------+ |
| sd1 iiodev | --> | chan1 | ------+
+------------+ +-------+
|
| sysfs
v


2) "conversion service" topology: one IIO device per SD modulator
* cons
- Data transfers: in this case the converted data from
DFSDM filter have to be sent back to SD modulator to be
available on sysfs interface.
- Scan mode: this topology seems not compatible with scan
mode, where multiplexed channels are expected are on
IIO device interface.

=> I don't find a proper way to address scan mode with multi SD
modulator connected to one DFSM filter

+------------+ +-------+ +---------+
| sd0 iiodev | <--> | chan0 | <-> | filter0 |
+------------+ +-------+ +---------+
| ^
| sysfs |
v |
|
|
|
+------------+ +-------+ |
| sd1 iiodev | <--> | chan1 | <-----+
+------------+ +-------+
|
| sysfs
v


3) gyroadc like topology: one iio device per DFSDM filter
(no SD modulator iio device registered)
For DFSDM scale and offset, the required information are SD
modulator reference voltage and channel types.

voltage reference: the regulator voltage can be retrieved as it
is done in gyroadc driver.
Maybe we can dropped merely SD modulator, and describe voltage
as a property of the channel (through generic channel binding)
This may be too restrictive if more hardware has to be
configured in the SD modulator, yet.

channel type: IIO generic channel binding could be used here
instead of proprietary properties
to describe the channels

binding sample:
dfsdm_pdm1: filter@1 {
compatible = "st,stm32-dfsdm-adc";
reg = <1>;
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 111 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
dmas = <&dmamux1 102 0x400 0x01>;
dma-names = "rx";
st,filter-order = <1>;

channel@2 {
reg = <2>;
label = "in2";
st,adc-channel-types = "SPI_R";
st,adc-channel-clk-src = "CLKOUT_F";

sd@0 { ?
reg = <0>;
compatible = "sd-mod";
vref-supply = <&vref>;
};
};
};

* cons
- The sub devices are embedded in the driver and are not
based on general device API.
Alternatively, if we want to use standard device model
and avoid the creation of an unrelevant IIO device for
SD modulator, a specific type of device may be
provided by IIO framework. This could be a kind of
"backend" device without IIO sysfs interface attached.

=> This solution could be applicable but some details in the
implementation will have to be clarified further.
May we consider adding a "backend" device without IIO interface
in the IIO framework ?
May the SD modulator be dropped ?

+-----+ +-------+ +----------------+ sysfs
| sd0 | --> | chan0 | --> | filter0 iiodev | ------->
+-----+ +-------+ +----------------+
^
|
|
+-----+ +-------+ |
| sd1 | --> | chan1 | ------+
+-----+ +-------+


Here there is a point that needs to be clarified in relation to the previous discussions I think.
If I refer to the last comment of the current thread, I understand that you were expecting the IIO sysfs interface to be attached to the SD modulator. (solution 2)
For the gyroadc, the channels are indeed populated by the sub devices. However the IIO device corresponds to the ADC consumer and not the ADCs themselves. (solution 3)

What is the the preferred approach for you ?

Thanks for your feedback
Best regards
Olivier



Regards
Olivier
If not, I probably missedsomething. Could you please clarify this point ?

Regards
Olivier
This wasn't really an issue when the only values available were
raw, but if we are adding scale and offset, they are things that
belong to the ad1201 for example, not the upstream stm32-dfsdm unit.

Thinking of it another way, we don't report an SPI ADC output in
the driver for the SPI master.

Could we flip it around without breaking anything?

Jonathan
---
drivers/iio/adc/stm32-dfsdm-adc.c | 105 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
1 file changed, 102 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iio/adc/stm32-dfsdm-adc.c
b/drivers/iio/adc/stm32-dfsdm-adc.c
index 07b9dfdf8e76..b85fd3e90496 100644
--- a/drivers/iio/adc/stm32-dfsdm-adc.c
+++ b/drivers/iio/adc/stm32-dfsdm-adc.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
#include <linux/iio/adc/stm32-dfsdm-adc.h>
#include <linux/iio/buffer.h>
+#include <linux/iio/consumer.h>
#include <linux/iio/hw-consumer.h>
#include <linux/iio/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/iio/timer/stm32-lptim-trigger.h>
@@ -67,6 +68,13 @@ struct stm32_dfsdm_dev_data {
const struct regmap_config *regmap_cfg;
};
+struct stm32_dfsdm_sd_chan_info {
+ int scale_val;
+ int scale_val2;
+ int offset;
+ unsigned int differential;
+};
+
struct stm32_dfsdm_adc {
struct stm32_dfsdm *dfsdm;
const struct stm32_dfsdm_dev_data *dev_data; @@ -79,6 +87,7
@@ struct stm32_dfsdm_adc {
struct iio_hw_consumer *hwc;
struct completion completion;
u32 *buffer;
+ struct stm32_dfsdm_sd_chan_info *sd_chan;
/* Audio specific */
unsigned int spi_freq; /* SPI bus clock frequency */ @@
-1271,7 +1280,10 @@ static int stm32_dfsdm_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
int *val2, long mask)
{
struct stm32_dfsdm_adc *adc = iio_priv(indio_dev);
- int ret;
+ struct stm32_dfsdm_filter *fl = &adc->dfsdm->fl_list[adc->fl_id];
+ struct stm32_dfsdm_filter_osr *flo = &fl->flo[fl->fast];
+ u32 max = flo->max << (flo->lshift - chan->scan_type.shift);
+ int ret, idx = chan->scan_index;
switch (mask) {
case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW:
@@ -1307,6 +1319,41 @@ static int stm32_dfsdm_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
*val = adc->sample_freq;
return IIO_VAL_INT;
+
+ case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
+ /*
+ * Scale is expressed in mV.
+ * When fast mode is disabled, actual resolution may be lower
+ * than 2^n, where n=realbits-1.
+ * This leads to underestimating input voltage. To
+ * compensate this deviation, the voltage reference can be
+ * corrected with a factor = realbits resolution / actual max
+ */
+ *val = div_u64((u64)adc->sd_chan[idx].scale_val *
+ (u64)BIT(DFSDM_DATA_RES - 1), max);
+ *val2 = chan->scan_type.realbits;
+ if (adc->sd_chan[idx].differential)
+ *val *= 2;
+
+ return IIO_VAL_FRACTIONAL_LOG2;
+
+ case IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET:
+ /*
+ * DFSDM output data are in the range [-2^n,2^n-1],
+ * with n=realbits-1.
+ * - Differential modulator:
+ * Offset correspond to SD modulator offset.
+ * - Single ended modulator:
+ * Input is in [0V,Vref] range, where 0V corresponds to -2^n.
+ * Add 2^n to offset. (i.e. middle of input range)
+ * offset = offset(sd) * vref / res(sd) * max / vref.
+ */
+ *val = div_u64((u64)max * adc->sd_chan[idx].offset,
+ BIT(adc->sd_chan[idx].scale_val2 - 1));
+ if (!adc->sd_chan[idx].differential)
+ *val += max;
+
+ return IIO_VAL_INT;
}
return -EINVAL;
@@ -1430,7 +1477,9 @@ static int stm32_dfsdm_adc_chan_init_one(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
* IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW: used to compute regular conversion
* IIO_CHAN_INFO_OVERSAMPLING_RATIO: used to set oversampling
*/
- ch->info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW);
+ ch->info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) |
+ BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE) |
+ BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET);
ch->info_mask_shared_by_all = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_OVERSAMPLING_RATIO) |
BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ);
@@ -1481,8 +1530,10 @@ static int stm32_dfsdm_adc_init(struct iio_dev *indio_dev)
{
struct iio_chan_spec *ch;
struct stm32_dfsdm_adc *adc = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+ struct iio_channel *channels, *chan;
+ struct stm32_dfsdm_sd_chan_info *sd_chan;
int num_ch;
- int ret, chan_idx;
+ int ret, chan_idx, val2;
adc->oversamp = DFSDM_DEFAULT_OVERSAMPLING;
ret = stm32_dfsdm_compute_all_osrs(indio_dev, adc->oversamp);
@@ -1506,6 +1557,22 @@ static int stm32_dfsdm_adc_init(struct iio_dev *indio_dev)
if (!ch)
return -ENOMEM;
+ /* Get SD modulator channels */
+ channels = iio_channel_get_all(&indio_dev->dev);
+ if (IS_ERR(channels)) {
+ dev_err(&indio_dev->dev, "Failed to get channel %ld\n",
+ PTR_ERR(channels));
+ return PTR_ERR(channels);
+ }
+ chan = &channels[0];
+
+ adc->sd_chan = devm_kzalloc(&indio_dev->dev,
+ sizeof(*adc->sd_chan) * num_ch, GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!adc->sd_chan)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ sd_chan = adc->sd_chan;
+
for (chan_idx = 0; chan_idx < num_ch; chan_idx++) {
ch[chan_idx].scan_index = chan_idx;
ret = stm32_dfsdm_adc_chan_init_one(indio_dev,
&ch[chan_idx]); @@ -1513,6 +1580,38 @@ static int stm32_dfsdm_adc_init(struct iio_dev *indio_dev)
dev_err(&indio_dev->dev, "Channels init failed\n");
return ret;
}
+
+ if (!chan->indio_dev)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ ret = iio_read_channel_scale(chan, &sd_chan->scale_val,
+ &sd_chan->scale_val2);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ dev_err(&indio_dev->dev,
+ "Failed to get channel %d scale\n", chan_idx);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ if (iio_channel_has_info(chan->channel, IIO_CHAN_INFO_OFFSET)) {
+ ret = iio_read_channel_offset(chan, &sd_chan->offset,
+ &val2);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ dev_err(&indio_dev->dev,
+ "Failed to get channel %d offset\n",
+ chan_idx);
+ return ret;
+ }
+ }
+
+ sd_chan->differential = chan->channel->differential;
+
+ dev_dbg(&indio_dev->dev, "Channel %d %s scale ref=%d offset=%d",
+ chan_idx, chan->channel->differential ?
+ "differential" : "single-ended",
+ sd_chan->scale_val, sd_chan->offset);
+
+ chan++;
+ sd_chan++;
}
indio_dev->num_channels = num_ch;