Re: [PATCH v3 3/3] userfaultfd: use per-vma locks in userfaultfd operations

[Lokesh Gidra]

On Tue, Feb 6, 2024 at 10:28 AM Jann Horn <jannh@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> On Tue, Feb 6, 2024 at 2:09 AM Lokesh Gidra <lokeshgidra@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> > All userfaultfd operations, except write-protect, opportunistically use
> > per-vma locks to lock vmas. On failure, attempt again inside mmap_lock
> > critical section.
> >
> > Write-protect operation requires mmap_lock as it iterates over multiple
> > vmas.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Lokesh Gidra <lokeshgidra@xxxxxxxxxx>
> [...]
> > diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
> > index b05fd28dbce1..393ab3b0d6f3 100644
> > --- a/mm/memory.c
> > +++ b/mm/memory.c
> [...]
> > +/*
> > + * lock_vma() - Lookup and lock VMA corresponding to @address.
> > + * @prepare_anon: If true, then prepare the VMA (if anonymous) with anon_vma.
> > + *
> > + * Should be called without holding mmap_lock. VMA should be unlocked after use
> > + * with unlock_vma().
> > + *
> > + * Return: A locked VMA containing @address, NULL of no VMA is found, or
> > + * -ENOMEM if anon_vma couldn't be allocated.
> > + */
> > +struct vm_area_struct *lock_vma(struct mm_struct *mm,
> > +                               unsigned long address,
> > +                               bool prepare_anon)
> > +{
> > +       struct vm_area_struct *vma;
> > +
> > +       vma = lock_vma_under_rcu(mm, address);
> > +
> > +       if (vma)
> > +               return vma;
> > +
> > +       mmap_read_lock(mm);
> > +       vma = vma_lookup(mm, address);
> > +       if (vma) {
> > +               if (prepare_anon && vma_is_anonymous(vma) &&
> > +                   anon_vma_prepare(vma))
> > +                       vma = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
> > +               else
> > +                       vma_acquire_read_lock(vma);
>
> This new code only calls anon_vma_prepare() for VMAs where
> vma_is_anonymous() is true (meaning they are private anonymous).
>
> [...]
> > diff --git a/mm/userfaultfd.c b/mm/userfaultfd.c
> > index 74aad0831e40..64e22e467e4f 100644
> > --- a/mm/userfaultfd.c
> > +++ b/mm/userfaultfd.c
> > @@ -19,20 +19,25 @@
> >  #include <asm/tlb.h>
> >  #include "internal.h"
> >
> > -static __always_inline
> > -struct vm_area_struct *find_dst_vma(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
> > -                                   unsigned long dst_start,
> > -                                   unsigned long len)
> > +/* Search for VMA and make sure it is valid. */
> > +static struct vm_area_struct *find_and_lock_dst_vma(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
> > +                                                   unsigned long dst_start,
> > +                                                   unsigned long len)
> >  {
> > -       /*
> > -        * Make sure that the dst range is both valid and fully within a
> > -        * single existing vma.
> > -        */
> >         struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma;
> >
> > -       dst_vma = find_vma(dst_mm, dst_start);
> > -       if (!range_in_vma(dst_vma, dst_start, dst_start + len))
> > -               return NULL;
> > +       /* Ensure anon_vma is assigned for anonymous vma */
> > +       dst_vma = lock_vma(dst_mm, dst_start, true);
>
> lock_vma() is now used by find_and_lock_dst_vma(), which is used by
> mfill_atomic().
>
> > +       if (!dst_vma)
> > +               return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
> > +
> > +       if (PTR_ERR(dst_vma) == -ENOMEM)
> > +               return dst_vma;
> > +
> > +       /* Make sure that the dst range is fully within dst_vma. */
> > +       if (dst_start + len > dst_vma->vm_end)
> > +               goto out_unlock;
> >
> >         /*
> >          * Check the vma is registered in uffd, this is required to
> [...]
> > @@ -597,7 +599,15 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
> >         copied = 0;
> >         folio = NULL;
> >  retry:
> > -       mmap_read_lock(dst_mm);
> > +       /*
> > +        * Make sure the vma is not shared, that the dst range is
> > +        * both valid and fully within a single existing vma.
> > +        */
> > +       dst_vma = find_and_lock_dst_vma(dst_mm, dst_start, len);
> > +       if (IS_ERR(dst_vma)) {
> > +               err = PTR_ERR(dst_vma);
> > +               goto out;
> > +       }
> >
> >         /*
> >          * If memory mappings are changing because of non-cooperative
> > @@ -609,15 +619,6 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
> >         if (atomic_read(&ctx->mmap_changing))
> >                 goto out_unlock;
> >
> > -       /*
> > -        * Make sure the vma is not shared, that the dst range is
> > -        * both valid and fully within a single existing vma.
> > -        */
> > -       err = -ENOENT;
> > -       dst_vma = find_dst_vma(dst_mm, dst_start, len);
> > -       if (!dst_vma)
> > -               goto out_unlock;
> > -
> >         err = -EINVAL;
> >         /*
> >          * shmem_zero_setup is invoked in mmap for MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_SHARED but
> > @@ -647,16 +648,6 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
> >             uffd_flags_mode_is(flags, MFILL_ATOMIC_CONTINUE))
> >                 goto out_unlock;
> >
> > -       /*
> > -        * Ensure the dst_vma has a anon_vma or this page
> > -        * would get a NULL anon_vma when moved in the
> > -        * dst_vma.
> > -        */
> > -       err = -ENOMEM;
> > -       if (!(dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) &&
> > -           unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(dst_vma)))
> > -               goto out_unlock;
>
> But the check mfill_atomic() used to do was different, it checked for VM_SHARED.

Thanks so much for catching this.
>
> Each VMA has one of these three types:
>
> 1. shared (marked by VM_SHARED; does not have an anon_vma)
> 2. private file-backed (needs to have anon_vma when storing PTEs)
> 3. private anonymous (what vma_is_anonymous() detects; needs to have
> anon_vma when storing PTEs)

As in the case of mfill_atomic(), it seems to me that checking for
VM_SHARED flag will cover both (2) and (3) right?
>
> This old code would call anon_vma_prepare() for both private VMA types
> (which is correct). The new code only calls anon_vma_prepare() for
> private anonymous VMAs, not for private file-backed ones. I think this
> code will probably crash with a BUG_ON() in __folio_set_anon() if you
> try to use userfaultfd to insert a PTE into a private file-backed VMA
> of a shmem file. (Which you should be able to get by creating a file
> in /dev/shm/ and then mapping that file with mmap(NULL, <size>,
> PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, <fd>, 0).)